Buffers that match the pH of blood and the cytoplasm are commonly required in scientific experiments. If you were studying the effects of lactic acid on muscles and needed to design a buffer that would have a pH of 7.2, what chemical components would you select and in what proportions? Include relevant calculations in your answer.

Buffers that match the pH of blood and the cytoplasm are commonly required in scientific experiments. If you were studying the effects of lactic acid on muscles and needed to design a buffer that would have a pH of 7.2, what chemical components would you select and in what proportions? Include relevant calculations in your answer.

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Which of the following is true of a buffer solution that contains equivalent amounts of acid and conjugate base? The pH will always be greater than 7, regardless of the acid and conjugate base. The pH of the solution will be equal to the pKa of the acid. The pH of the solution will be equal to Kw. The pH will be equal to the concentration of the conjugate base. The pH will be equal to the concentration of the acid.
G.137.
A chemistry graduate student is given 125. mL of a 0.80M ammonia (NH3) solution. Ammonia is a weak base with K₂ = 1.8 × 10. What mass of NHÂBr should the student dissolve in the NH3 solution to turn it into a buffer with pH = 9.55? 4 You may assume that the volume of the solution doesn't change when the NH Br is dissolved in it. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol, and round it to 2 significant digits. 0 x10 × S
Equimolar quantities of potassium fluoride and hydrofluoric acid are placed into solution. What happens to the buffer system if some hydrochloric acid is added to the solution? The hydrochloric acid reacts with the fluoride ions so the pH decreases only slightly. The hydrochloric acid reacts with the fluoride ions so the pH decreases significantly. ) The hydrochloric acid reacts with the hydrofluoric acid so the pH increases only slightly. The hydrochloric acid reacts with the hydrofluoric acid so the pH increases significantly.
Consider a titration where 0.215 M potassium hydroxide is added from a burette to 10.00 mL of hydrochloric acid in an Erlenmeyer flask under the burette. A few drops of phenolphthalein are added to the acid in the Erlenmeyer flask. Discuss how the pH of the solution in the Erlenmeyer flask changes as the titration is carried out. Your response should focus on the pH at the beginning of the titration (before the addition of any base), the pH at the equivalence point, and the pH past the equivalence point.
Which of the following aqueous solutions are good buffer systems? 0.10 M nitrous acid + 0.13 M sodium nitrite 0.31 M ammonium bromide + 0.31 M ammonia 0.29 M hydroiodic acid + 0.23 M potassium iodide 0.16 M potassium fluoride + 0.21 M hydrofluoric acid O 0.39 M acetic acid + 0.25 M potassium acetate
6
GW 18b 1. A 20.0 mL sample of a 0.240 M hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution is titrated with 0.200 M NaOH. Determine: (a) pH of the acid solution before any base is added; (b) volume (in mL) of base needed to get to the equivalence point; (c) pH halfway to equivalence point; (d) pH at equivalence point; (e) pH when 0.100 mL NaOH is added beyond the equivalence point. (K₂ of HF = 7.1 × 104)
Which of the following aqueous solutions are good buffer systems? O0.13 M hypochlorous acid + 0.12 M sodium hypochlorite O 0.10 M potassium fluoride + 0.30 M hydrofluoric acid 0.27 M hydrobromic acid + 0.23 M potassium bromide 0.39 M acetic acid + 0.28 M potassium acetate O 0.34 M ammonium nitrate + 0.38 M ammonia
Which of the following aqueous solutions are good buffer systems? O 0.36 M hydrofluoric acid + 0.23 M potassium fluoride O 0.27 M hydrochloric acid + 0.22 M sodium chloride O 0.15 M potassium hydroxide + 0.24 M potassium chloride O 0.15 M hydrocyanic acid + 0.15 M sodium cyanide O 0.27 M ammonium bromide + 0.33 M ammonia
Which of the following additions will result in a decrease in the pH of the solution? Adding ammonium nitrate to an ammonia solution. Adding potassium chloride to a hydrochloric acid solution. Adding sodium formate to a formic acid solution.
A 29.6 mL sample of 0.271 M dimethylamine, (CH3)2NH, is titrated with 0.237 M hydrobromic acid. After adding 12.9 mL of hydrobromic acid, the pH is Use the Tables link in the References for any equilibrium constants that are required.