### Brisbane River Catchment Area Hydrology OverviewThe Brisbane River catchment area is a significant hydrological region encompassing approximately 13,600 km². This area experiences an annual average rainfall of about 1200 mm/year. The catchment's actual evapotranspiration rate (AET) is estimated to be around 800 mm/year.In terms of water management, the dams within this catchment supply around 300×10⁶ m³/year of water to the city. Of this volume, 70% undergoes treatment at wastewater treatment facilities before being discharged back into the estuary.To calculate the amount of freshwater that reaches the sea from the river yearly, the following equation is provided:\[ Q = \, \_\_\_\_ \, GL/year \](Note: 1 GL = 10⁹ liters).This hydrological data is fundamental for understanding water resource management, ecological balance, and urban planning within the Brisbane River catchment area.

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Brisbane river catchment area is about 13,600 km², its annual average rainfall is about 1200 mm/year. Its actual evapotranspiration rate AET is about 800 mm/year, and its dams supply 300*10 m³/year of water to the city, 70% of which is treated in the wastewater treatment plant and discharged back to the estuary. The amount of freshwater that the sea receives from the river yearly in GL/year (note: 1GL=10° liter). GL/year

Brisbane river catchment area is about 13,600 km², its annual average rainfall is about 1200 mm/year. Its actual evapotranspiration rate AET is about 800 mm/year, and its dams supply 300*10 m³/year of water to the city, 70% of which is treated in the wastewater treatment plant and discharged back to the estuary. The amount of freshwater that the sea receives from the river yearly in GL/year (note: 1GL=10° liter). GL/year

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Precipitation

Precipitation forms the basis of the water cycle on the Earth. The air is packed with water molecules in the form of moisture or water vapor. This water vapor usually rises to the atmosphere due to density differences. Precipitation represents any form of water, in liquid form or frozen form that forms in the earth's atmosphere. The water vapor up in the atmosphere condenses due to low temperature and it leads to the formation of clouds. The water vapor that forms clouds on account of condensation, is preferably known as cloud droplet. These cloud droplets when become heavy and can no longer sustain the weight of condensed water droplets, they come to the Earth in the form of rain, snow, ice pellets, and hail. Precipitation patterns, evaporation, and condensation are the three parameters that decide the global water cycle, climate change, and weather. Additionally, smoke and dust particles are equally important parameters for precipitation, as they provide the surface area for the water vapors to get condensed and to form water droplets. So they are known as condensation nuclei. The presence of other pollutants in the air also serves as condensation nuclei. Precipitation always results in the pure water supply to earth, as the salt from the seawater does not evaporate with the water.

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### Brisbane River Catchment Area Hydrology Overview

The Brisbane River catchment area is a significant hydrological region encompassing approximately 13,600 km². This area experiences an annual average rainfall of about 1200 mm/year. The catchment's actual evapotranspiration rate (AET) is estimated to be around 800 mm/year.

In terms of water management, the dams within this catchment supply around 300×10⁶ m³/year of water to the city. Of this volume, 70% undergoes treatment at wastewater treatment facilities before being discharged back into the estuary.

To calculate the amount of freshwater that reaches the sea from the river yearly, the following equation is provided:
\[ Q = \, \_\_\_\_ \, GL/year \]

(Note: 1 GL = 10⁹ liters).

This hydrological data is fundamental for understanding water resource management, ecological balance, and urban planning within the Brisbane River catchment area.

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