Briefly outline how MLPA probe-sets can simultaneously detect multiple targets using a single set of PCR primers.

Q: RT-PCR can determine the amount of mRNA for a particular gene in two different growth conditions.

A: Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a laboratory technique combining…

Q: Describe the methods of site-directed mutagenesis and CRISPR-Cas technology.

A: A molecular process in which some discontinuous change to nucleotide sequences in their genomic DNA…

Q: What is the possible cause of the presence of an extra band in the results of DNA extraction and PCR…

A: This finding suggests that formation of multiple bands in non-denaturing gel electrophoresis is a…

Q: Determine how screening is carried out if pCR®II-TOPO® is used for cloning?

A: There are many applications of PCR as used in DNA fingerprinting to identify an individual from…

Q: How are probes used to screen DNA libraries? Explain how a synthetic probe can be prepared when the…

A: A probe is an oligonucleotide stretch of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) or RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) which…

Q: Describe step 1: hybridization of template and primer in automated sanger sequencing

A: Introduction  Sanger sequencing is also known as the “chain termination method”. It is a method for…

Q: Discuss the concept of the use of DNA in genome identification.

A: DNA (Deoxyribo nucleic acid) is a double stranded genetic element in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic…

Q: cterium-mediated plant transformation is a method used to create transgenic plants cterium…

A: Agrobacterium tumeifaciens is a bacteria that invades some plants at the site of wound. They…

Q: What is vector? Discuss 2 vectors that are commonly used in DNA recombinant technology.

A: Answer-  Vector- vector is a DNA molecule that is used to carry a foreign DNA into the host cell. It…

Q: Describe how transposable elements are used as experimental tools.

A: Mutation is defined as sudden inheritable change that occurs in the DNA sequence. Transposon also…

Q: Explain the rationale behind a DNase I footprinting experiment.

A: Genetic Footprint or DNA profile is the basis of Human Identification Genetics. This verifies the…

Q: Compare and discuss the key features of plasmids that are respectively used as bacterial cloning and…

A: Plasmids are extrachromosomal , double stranded DNA molecules which are capable of autonomously…

Q: Transgenic organisms have foreign DNA incorporated into their genomes that can be expressed to…

A: Genetically modified organism or transgenic organism contains foreign deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA),…

Q: Briefly explain about computer-automated high-throughput DNA sequencing ?

A: DNA sequencing means identifying the sequence of DNA by scientific means. High-throughput DNA…

Q: What is the difference between using genome build hg18 and hg19 in Genome-wide SNP arrays?

A: SNP (Single nucleotide protein) array is a type of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) microarray which is…

Q: Explain the purpose of the antibiotic resistance gene in this experiment. Why is this genetic trait…

A: Bacteria are microorganism that most commonly occur in the soil, air, water and in adverse…

Q: Explain the Detection of simple sequence repeat (SSR) polymorphisms by electrophoresis of PCR…

A: Polymerase Chain Reaction is a technique to generate the copies or to amplify the DNA region…

Q: Why can we use temperature sensitive genetic screening to identify particular mutants within a…

A: Temperature-sensitive (TS) mutations are rare alleles that are used to study the expression of…

Q: What is a cloning vector? Give two examples of specific DNA molecules routinely used as cloning…

A: Genetic material is nothing but the sequence of nucleic acids which is called as DNA. It contains…

Q: Name any two cloning vectors. Describe the features required to facilitate cloning into a vector.

A: Cloning is a process that allows scientists to create perfect genetic duplicates of living…

Q: Briefly describe the applications of SNPs in DNA typing.

A: SNPs : Small nucleotide polymorphisms . It is a variation at a single position in a DNA sequence…

Q: What are the essential elements of a plasmid cloning vector? Discuss the importance of each element…

A: Essential elements of plasmid cloning vector  Presence of Origin of replication for autonomous…

Q: Discuss the advantages of next-generation sequencing technologies.

A: Next generation sequencing technique is also known as second generation sequencing where the DNA…

Q: What class of genes is used in MLST analyses?

A: MLST refers to multilocus sequence typing. MLST involves higher frequency of recombination in…

Q: Describe the technique of in situ hybridization. Explain how it can be used to map genes.

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: Explain the limitation of DNA microarrays ?

A: DNA microarray is the molecular laboratory technique that helps in studying and measuring the…

Q: What are the main differences between the two testing methods: short tandem repeat (STR) and…

A: Short Tandem Repeat (STR):- It is a recently developed methodology. It is fast, a simultaneous…

Q: methods to introduce gene of interest into plant cells for the production of transgenic crops.

A:

Q: Outline the strategies commonly used to detect a cloned target gene in E. coli.

A: With the advancement of technologies, various divergent types of recombinant protein are being…

Q: What is the major difference between the strategies of map based sequencing and shotgun sequencing?

A: DNA sequencing is a process in which sequence(order) of nucleotides in DNA is determined. It…

Q: how Inverse PCR identifies genes withtransposon insertions?

A: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)is the molecular technique that is used in the amplification of…

Q: Outline a PCR-based approach to screen for colonies transformed with recombinant expression plasmid…

A: In order to select for colonies which are recombinant and contain the plasmid DNA can be separated…

Q: Write and briefly define the steps sequentially to clone the gene from the genomic DNA o

A: DNA recombinant molecules from two different types are inserted into living things to produce new…

Microbial Taxonomy

Taxonomy is the science of naming, classifying, and describing organisms. The taxonomy will include all the plants, microorganisms, and animals on this planet. Carl Linnaeus coined the taxonomy term. He is known as the father of taxonomy. Microbial taxonomy is a criterion of grouping microorganisms into groups based on their similarities and past relatedness. Microorganisms belonging to the same group are differentiated from the others via grouping into categories. This differentiation makes the study of microorganisms easy. There are different types of microbial taxonomies like Numerical and Molecular taxonomy. The study of microorganisms is known as microbiology. Microbiology is a broad term that takes into account microbial cultures, taxonomic studies, evolutionary relationships. Microbial interaction and diversity are huge data that needs to be compiled under the subject of microbiology. Microbiology covers various organisms like bacteria, fungi, algae, plants, animals, etc.