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Briefly interpret the graph and maps attached about the evolutionary arms race among garter snakes and newts?

Briefly interpret the graph and maps attached about the evolutionary arms race among garter snakes and newts?

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
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Briefly interpret the graph and maps attached about the evolutionary arms race among garter snakes and newts?

This map illustrates the geographic distribution and abundance of Marbled Murrelets (MAMU), a seabird species, along the Pacific Northwest coast of North America. The map features various research sites marked with colored circles representing different levels of Marbled Murrelet abundance. These levels are categorized as follows in the legend: - > 90 MAMU: Red - 35-90 MAMU: Orange - 25-35 MAMU: Yellow - 15-25 MAMU: Light Green - 10-15 MAMU: Dark Green - 5-10 MAMU: Blue - 4-5 MAMU: Purple - < 4 MAMU: Dark Blue The right side of the map shows color-coded contour areas indicating Marbled Murrelet abundance rates in different regions. The areas with warmer colors (reds and oranges) indicate higher abundance, while cooler colors (greens and blues) indicate lower abundance. Some of the key locations marked on the map include Campbell River, Harvey Hart, Selway, Bear Lake, and Vandenberg, among others. The map also shows major highways and natural features such as rivers and lakes within the study area. This map is an educational tool used to understand the distribution patterns of Marbled Murrelets and assess their conservation status within the region.
Transcribed Image Text:This map illustrates the geographic distribution and abundance of Marbled Murrelets (MAMU), a seabird species, along the Pacific Northwest coast of North America. The map features various research sites marked with colored circles representing different levels of Marbled Murrelet abundance. These levels are categorized as follows in the legend: - > 90 MAMU: Red - 35-90 MAMU: Orange - 25-35 MAMU: Yellow - 15-25 MAMU: Light Green - 10-15 MAMU: Dark Green - 5-10 MAMU: Blue - 4-5 MAMU: Purple - < 4 MAMU: Dark Blue The right side of the map shows color-coded contour areas indicating Marbled Murrelet abundance rates in different regions. The areas with warmer colors (reds and oranges) indicate higher abundance, while cooler colors (greens and blues) indicate lower abundance. Some of the key locations marked on the map include Campbell River, Harvey Hart, Selway, Bear Lake, and Vandenberg, among others. The map also shows major highways and natural features such as rivers and lakes within the study area. This map is an educational tool used to understand the distribution patterns of Marbled Murrelets and assess their conservation status within the region.
**Coevolutionary Arms Races** **Snake populations vary in resistance to newt toxins:** - The left graph shows various snake populations with differing levels of resistance to newt toxins. Resistance is measured in a unit called MAMU. - The color range on the graph indicates resistance levels: blue for low resistance (<4 MAMU) to red for high resistance (>90 MAMU). **Snake populations outside of newt's range have low resistance:** - The central map illustrates snake populations with variations in resistance levels. Populations circled in purple indicate areas where snakes exhibit significant resistance variations. - Regions with populations having low resistance to toxins are generally outside the range of newts. **A geographic mosaic with two coevolutionary "hotspots":** - The rightmost map is a geographic representation indicating coevolutionary interaction intensity between snakes and newts. - Two "hotspots" of high interaction intensity are marked in red, suggesting strong coevolution between species in these areas. - The varying colors correspond to different levels of resistance in snakes, similar to the left graph. **Reference:** Brodie et al. (2002) Evolution 56:2067-2082
Transcribed Image Text:**Coevolutionary Arms Races** **Snake populations vary in resistance to newt toxins:** - The left graph shows various snake populations with differing levels of resistance to newt toxins. Resistance is measured in a unit called MAMU. - The color range on the graph indicates resistance levels: blue for low resistance (<4 MAMU) to red for high resistance (>90 MAMU). **Snake populations outside of newt's range have low resistance:** - The central map illustrates snake populations with variations in resistance levels. Populations circled in purple indicate areas where snakes exhibit significant resistance variations. - Regions with populations having low resistance to toxins are generally outside the range of newts. **A geographic mosaic with two coevolutionary "hotspots":** - The rightmost map is a geographic representation indicating coevolutionary interaction intensity between snakes and newts. - Two "hotspots" of high interaction intensity are marked in red, suggesting strong coevolution between species in these areas. - The varying colors correspond to different levels of resistance in snakes, similar to the left graph. **Reference:** Brodie et al. (2002) Evolution 56:2067-2082
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