Brecht Ltd produces a standard product which is sold for £85 each. The business incurred variable costs of £550,000 last year and total costs were £850,000. The business sold 11,000 units during the year and was operating at full capacity. The business intends to expand its output. This will involve building a factory extension, which will increase annual fixed costs by £120,000 per year. 1. Calculate the number of products that need to be sold in order for the business to break even, after the new factory extension has been built. 2. Calculate the profit (loss) that would be generated if the business sold 10,000 units () before the factory extension is built. (ii) after the factory extension is built.
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
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