Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Draw the structure of the intermediate formed in the reaction, including the stereochemistry.
Transcribed Image Text:### Alkene Halogenation Reaction
**Description:**
This diagram illustrates the halogenation reaction of an alkene. The process involves the addition of bromine (\( \text{Br}_2 \)) in the presence of carbon tetrachloride (\( \text{CCl}_4 \)) as a solvent, converting an alkene into a vicinal dibromide.
**Chemical Reaction:**
1. **Starting Material:**
- The structure on the left side of the arrow is an alkene. It features a double bond, indicating a region of high electron density and reactivity.
2. **Reaction Conditions:**
- **Reagent:** \( \text{Br}_2 \) (Bromine)
- **Solvent:** \( \text{CCl}_4 \) (Carbon Tetrachloride)
3. **Product:**
- The structure on the right side of the arrow is the product, a vicinal dibromide.
- The double bond in the alkene is replaced by two bromine atoms, each bonded to adjacent carbon atoms.
- Stereochemical details are depicted where the bromine atoms are added in an anti-configuration (trans), one with a wedged line (indicating coming out of the plane) and the other with a dashed line (indicating going into the plane).
**Mechanism:**
- The reaction proceeds via the formation of a bromonium ion intermediate, which is attacked by the bromide ion resulting in the anti-addition of bromine across the double bond.
This diagram provides a clear example of how alkenes can undergo halogenation, emphasizing stereochemistry and regioselectivity in organic synthesis.
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