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Br NaCN Br KOC(CH3)3 t-BuOH

Br NaCN Br KOC(CH3)3 t-BuOH

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Predict the products of each of the following reactions

### Transcription of Reaction Diagrams #### Diagram 1: - **Starting Material:** A benzyl bromide compound, where a bromine (Br) atom is attached to a carbon that is adjacent to a benzene ring. - **Reagent:** Sodium cyanide (NaCN). - **Reaction Condition:** An arrow indicates the transformation facilitated by NaCN. **Explanation:** This reaction likely represents a nucleophilic substitution, where the bromide ion is replaced by a cyanide ion, converting the benzyl bromide to benzyl cyanide. #### Diagram 2: - **Starting Material:** An alkyl bromide, specifically a 1-bromobutane. - **Reagent and Solvent:** - Reagent: Potassium tert-butoxide \( \text{K}^+ \text{OC(CH}_3\text{)}_3 \). - Solvent: tert-Butanol (t-BuOH). - **Reaction Condition:** An arrow indicates the transformation facilitated by the presence of potassium tert-butoxide in tert-butanol. **Explanation:** This reaction is likely an elimination process (E2 mechanism), where the bromide is removed, forming an alkene. The tert-butoxide is a strong base, suitable for dehydrohalogenation, yielding butene. ### Educational Insight These chemical reactions demonstrate fundamental concepts in organic chemistry involving substitution and elimination mechanisms, essential for synthesizing various organic compounds. Understanding the reactivity of different functional groups with specific reagents helps predict product formation in synthetic pathways.
Transcribed Image Text:### Transcription of Reaction Diagrams #### Diagram 1: - **Starting Material:** A benzyl bromide compound, where a bromine (Br) atom is attached to a carbon that is adjacent to a benzene ring. - **Reagent:** Sodium cyanide (NaCN). - **Reaction Condition:** An arrow indicates the transformation facilitated by NaCN. **Explanation:** This reaction likely represents a nucleophilic substitution, where the bromide ion is replaced by a cyanide ion, converting the benzyl bromide to benzyl cyanide. #### Diagram 2: - **Starting Material:** An alkyl bromide, specifically a 1-bromobutane. - **Reagent and Solvent:** - Reagent: Potassium tert-butoxide \( \text{K}^+ \text{OC(CH}_3\text{)}_3 \). - Solvent: tert-Butanol (t-BuOH). - **Reaction Condition:** An arrow indicates the transformation facilitated by the presence of potassium tert-butoxide in tert-butanol. **Explanation:** This reaction is likely an elimination process (E2 mechanism), where the bromide is removed, forming an alkene. The tert-butoxide is a strong base, suitable for dehydrohalogenation, yielding butene. ### Educational Insight These chemical reactions demonstrate fundamental concepts in organic chemistry involving substitution and elimination mechanisms, essential for synthesizing various organic compounds. Understanding the reactivity of different functional groups with specific reagents helps predict product formation in synthetic pathways.
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