Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry can be considered as a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the connections between warmth, work, and various types of energy, formed because of different synthetic and actual cycles. Thermochemistry describes the energy changes that occur as a result of reactions or chemical changes in a substance.
Exergonic Reaction
The term exergonic is derived from the Greek word in which ‘ergon’ means work and exergonic means ‘work outside’. Exergonic reactions releases work energy. Exergonic reactions are different from exothermic reactions, the one that releases only heat energy during the course of the reaction. So, exothermic reaction is one type of exergonic reaction. Exergonic reaction releases work energy in different forms like heat, light or sound. For example, a glow stick releases light making that an exergonic reaction and not an exothermic reaction since no heat is released. Even endothermic reactions at very high temperature are exergonic.
Complete the following reactions: indicate the mechanism (SN1 or SN2). If the reaction does not proceed, indicate so and the reason as to why it would not.
![### Chemical Reactions Involving Haloalkanes
This educational segment focuses on reactions involving brominated aromatic compounds in the presence of solvents and reagents.
#### Reaction 1:
- **Starting Material**:
- 1,4-Dibromo-2-methylbenzene (also known as para-dibromo-toluene).
- **Solvent**:
- Methanol (CH₃OH).
- **Reaction Details**:
- The reaction is indicated by an arrow pointing from the brominated aromatic compound to the solvent.
- This setup suggests a transformation or a nucleophilic substitution reaction. Methanol can act as a nucleophile, potentially leading to the substitution of a bromine atom by a methoxy group (-OCH₃).
#### Reaction 2:
- **Starting Material**:
- 1,4-Dibromo-2-methylbenzene (same as in Reaction 1).
- **Reagent**:
- Sodium azide (NaN₃).
- **Solvent**:
- Dimethylformamide (DMF).
- **Reaction Details**:
- The chemical equation shows an arrow from the starting brominated compound to the mixture of NaN₃ and DMF.
- Sodium azide acts as a nucleophile in this reaction. The presence of DMF as a polar aprotic solvent facilitates the nucleophilic substitution, potentially replacing a bromine atom with an azide group (N₃).
### Graphical Summary:
- The diagram presents two distinct chemical reactions that demonstrate the versatility of haloarene compounds with different nucleophiles and solvents.
- In both reactions, the methyl group remains unchanged, focusing primarily on the substitution of bromine atoms.
This illustrates typical strategies in organic synthesis involving nucleophilic aromatic substitution (S_NAr) reactions.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ff8611dd0-bec4-4a4b-817a-506c6edbcae0%2F82fcb69a-4f04-4a64-a384-a11dde23edac%2Fs5a830a_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
![](/static/compass_v2/shared-icons/check-mark.png)
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps with 2 images
![Blurred answer](/static/compass_v2/solution-images/blurred-answer.jpg)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305957404/9781305957404_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259911156/9781259911156_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Principles of Instrumental Analysis](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305577213/9781305577213_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305957404/9781305957404_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259911156/9781259911156_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Principles of Instrumental Analysis](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305577213/9781305577213_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Organic Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780078021558/9780078021558_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry: Principles and Reactions](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305079373/9781305079373_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781118431221/9781118431221_smallCoverImage.gif)