Both photosynthesis and cell respiration involve the use of enzyme catalysts, which direct the participating molecules through a series of chemical reactions. Both also rely on a transfer of electrons to power these chemical transformations. Reactions of this type are called oxidation-reduction reactions. Given the reactions below, sort them based on whether the central atom becomes reduced or oxidized.

A particular reaction has a ΔG‡ of 37.0 kJ mol-1. In the presence of an enzyme, the same reaction has a ΔG‡ of 5.70 kJ mol-1. Calculate the value of ΔΔG‡ in kJ mol-1.

Which of the following statements are true for BOTH the "transition state" and an "intermediate" of reaction? (This is a multi-select question, select all that apply.). Both are only observed in enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Both can be converted to product(s) or might decompose back to the reactant(s). Neither are part of the "net equation" for the reaction. Both contain covalent bonds are in the process of breaking and/or forming. Both are part of every chemical reaction. (i.e. the mechanisms of all chemical reactions, whether enzyme catalyzed or not, will have involve both a transition state and an intermediate).

Suicide substrates are substances that resemble the substrate,but when incorporated into the active site they form a covalent bond with the enzyme, permanently inhibiting it. Thesemolecules have been used to label the amino-acid side chainsthat are involved in the catalytic reaction occurring withinthe active site. This is usually accomplished by hydrolyzingthe inhibited enzyme. How could an investigator identify theamino acid bound to the suicide substrate molecule?