Biology Unit 5 Review - Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis Answer the following questions about Figure 12-14: Figure 12-14 1. Figure 12-14 is best described as a molecule of 2. The letters A, C, G, and T represent the portion of a nucleotide called the 3. The number of complementary base-pairs pictured is 4. The sugar portion of each nucleotide is represented by the 5. The phosphate portion of each nucleotide is represented by the 6. Strands of DNA in a double-helix run in opposite directions. The term that describes this is 7. The scientist who determined the base-pairing rules was 8. The scientists who determined DNA's structure were and 9. The scientist who used x-ray diffraction to help understand DNA's structure was 10. The scientists who contributed to understanding DNA's function were Answer the following questions about Figure 13-9: -{ ATQAAQUT methionine Y C 100MTQQMUAQ in Figure 13-9 11. Structures A and B are both part of the nucleic acid 12. Structure C is best identified as a 13. Structure D is best identified as the nucleic acid 14. Structure E is best identified as a 15. Letter X represents the process of 16. Letter Y represents the process of 17. The first step of protein synthesis takes place in the 18. The second step of protein synthesis takes place in the and
DNA and RNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is usually called the blueprint of life. Deoxyribose is a monosaccharide that has a key function in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. One less oxygen-containing hydroxyl group occurs in deoxyribose sugar. Nucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, is one of the natural components. Deoxyribonucleic acid is a double-stranded molecule. Watson and Crick postulated the double-stranded model of the helix. A deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecular group that carries and transmits genetic information from parents to offspring. All eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are involved.
DNA as the Genetic Material
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a long polymeric nucleic acid molecule discovered in the late 1930s. It is a polymer; a long chain-like molecule made up of several monomers connected in a sequence. It possesses certain characteristics that qualify it as a genetic component. Certain organisms have different types of nucleic acids as their genetic material - DNA or RNA.
Genetics
The significant branch in science which involves the study of genes, gene variations, and the organism's heredity is known as genetics. It is also used to study the involvement of a gene or set of genes in the health of an individual and how it prevents several diseases in a human being. Thus, genetics also creates an understanding of various medical conditions.
DNA Replication
The mechanism by which deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is capable of producing an exact copy of its own is defined as DNA replication. The DNA molecules utilize a semiconservative method for replication.
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