Hardy Weinberg Problems To demonstrate your understanding of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, answer each question carefully. When you are finished, submit your completed assignment. 1. In 1000 of African people, 4% of the population is born with sickle cell anemia. What percentage of the population possess the heterozygous advantage? 2. Within a population of butterflies, the color brown (B) is dominant over the color white (b), and, 49% of all butterflies are white. Calculate the following: a. The percentage of butterflies in the population that are heterozygous. b. The frequency of homozygous dominant individuals. 3. A very large population of randomly-mating laboratory mice contains 36% white mice. White coloring is caused by the double recessive genotype, "aa". Calculate allelic and genotypic frequencies for this population. 4. Cystic fibrosis is a recessive condition that affects about 1 in 2,500 babies in the Caucasian population of the United States. Please calculate the following. a. The frequency of the recessive allele in the population. b. The frequency of the dominant allele in the population. c. The percentage of heterozygous individuals (carriers) in the population. 5. In a given population, only the "A" and "B" alleles are present in the ABO system; there are no individuals with type "O" blood or with O alleles in this particular population. If 200 people have type A blood, 75 have type AB blood, and 25 have type B blood, what are the alleleic frequencies of this population (i.e, what are p and q)? 6. If 98 out of 200 individuals in a population express the recessive phenotype, what percent of the population are heterozygotes? 7. Brown hair (B) is dominant to blond hair (b). If there are 168 brown hairs in a population of 200, calculate: a. The frequency of the dominant allele b. The frequency of the recessive allele c. The homozygous dominant percentage d. The heterozygous percentage e. The homozygous recessive percentage 8. If the frequency of the "green" form of red-green color blindness (due to an X-linked locus) is 5 percent among males, what fraction of females would be affected? What fraction of females would be heterozygous? 9. The dry type of ear cerumen ("wax") is due to homozygosity for a simple Mendelian recessive. Among American Indians the frequency of dry-cerumen individual is 66 percent. a. What is the frequency of the recessive allele? b. What is the overall frequency of heterozygotes? c. Among individuals with the wet type of cerumen, what is the frequency of heterozygotes? 10. Data on 400 Basques from Spain, of which 230 were Rh+ and 170 were Rh-. Calculate the allele frequencies of D (i.e., the allele which in homozyogous form results in the Rh+ phenotype) and d (the allele which in homozyogous form results in the Rh- phenotype; recall that the phenotype of Dd is Rh+). How many of the Rh+ individuals would be expected to be heterozygous?