Bioavailability The most efficient way to deliver a drug to its intended target site is to administer it intravenously (directly into the blood). If a drug is adminis- tered any other way (for example, by injection, orally, by nasal inhalant, or by skin patch), then some of the drug is typically lost to absorption before it gets to the blood. By defini- tion, the bioavailability of a drug measures the effectiveness of a nonintravenous method compared to the intravenous method. The bioavailability of intravenous dosing is 100%. Let the functions C;(t) and C,(t) give the concentration of a drug in the blood, for times t > 0, using intravenous and oral dosing, respectively. (These functions can be determined through clinical experiments.) Assuming the same amount of drug is initially administered by both methods, the bioavailability for an oral dose is defined to be AUC, F = AUC; C,(t) dt where AUC is used in the pharmacology literature to mean area under the curve. Suppose the concentration of a certain drug in the blood in mg/L when given intra- venously is C(t) = 100e-0.31, where t 2 0 is measured in hours. Suppose also that the concentration of the same drug when delivered orally is C,(t) = 90(e-0.3 – e-2.54) (Figure 8.30). Find the bioavailability of the drug. yA 100+ -y = C,6) - y = C,t1) 50 5 10 15 Figure 8.30

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