Bicycle caliper brakes consist of rubber pads mounted in rigid metal "shoes." The normal force applied by a bicycle caliper brake pad to the wheel rim is about 2.0 x 102 N. The contact area of the brake pad is approximately 4.0 cm x 0.90 cm, with the long dimension parallel to the rim's rotation. The pad is 1.0 cm thick. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the rubber pad and the aluminum rim is 0.50. Given that the shear modulus of the rubber is 0.30 MPa, calculate the deformation angle o of the brake pad.
Viscosity
The measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow is known as viscosity. Most fluids have some resistance to motion, the resistance provided by the fluid is called viscosity. This resistance is created by the force of attraction between the fluid molecules. If you pour water through a funnel, it flows easily and quickly, because it has very little resistance. But if you pour honey through a funnel, it may take a little time longer, as the density of honey is high.
Poiseuille's Law
The law of Poiseuille or Poiseuille's equation states that the pressure drop of an incompressible fluid especially a liquid in a laminar flow that passes through a cylindrical tube of length L, radius r, pressure gradient ΔP, and mainly depends on the viscosity of the fluid is nothing but the pressure difference of the layers of fluids. ΔP=P1-P2
Drag Forces
Forces that occur due to the movement of fluid are known as fluid mechanics. Following are the fluids present:
![Bicycle caliper brakes consist of rubber pads mounted in rigid metal “shoes.” The normal force applied by a bicycle caliper brake pad to the wheel rim is about \(2.0 \times 10^2 \, \text{N}\). The contact area of the brake pad is approximately \(4.0 \, \text{cm} \times 0.90 \, \text{cm}\), with the long dimension parallel to the rim’s rotation. The pad is \(1.0 \, \text{cm}\) thick. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the rubber pad and the aluminum rim is \(0.50\).
Given that the shear modulus of the rubber is \(0.30 \, \text{MPa}\), calculate the deformation angle \(\phi\) of the brake pad.
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