BGP Electrical Supply is developing its annual financial statements at December 31, current year. The statements are complete except for the statement of cash flows. The completed comparative balance sheets and income statement are summarized: Current Year Prior Year Balance sheet at December 31 $ 39,900 36,800 44 ,000 126,100 (34,700) $212,100 $ 40,700 3,700 48,000 $ 31,900 31,800 41,000 103,300 (27,300) $180,700 $ 32,100 4,100 55,100 74,900 14,500 $180,700 Cash Accounts receivable Merchandise inventory Property and equipment Less: Accumulated depreciation Accounts payable Accrued wages expense Note payable, long-term Common stock and additional paid-in capital Retained earnings 94,900 24,800 $212,100 Income statement for current year Sales $139,000 89,000 Cost of goods sold Other expenses 39,700 Net income $ 10,300 Additional Data: a. Bought equipment for cash, $22,800. b. aid $7,100 on the long-term note payable. c. Issued new shares of stock for $20,000 cash. d. No dividends were declared or paid. e. Other expenses included depreciation, $7,400; wages, $20,700; taxes, $6,900; other, $4,700. f. Accounts payable includes only inventory purchases made on credit. Because there are no liability accounts relating to taxes or other expenses, assume that these expenses were fully paid in cash.
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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