---### Understanding Spectroscopy: A Guide to IR Regions and NMR Chemical Shifts#### Instructions for Answering Questions1. **Read the Directions to Each Question Carefully**: Not following the directions means you get the question wrong!2. **Format Your Answers as Directed**: Incorrect formatting of answers will result in a wrong answer!#### IR and NMR Spectroscopy Reference ChartsBelow are the Infrared (IR) regions and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) chemical shifts table for use with spectroscopy problems:##### 1. \( ^1H \) NMR Chemical Shifts Chart- **Chemical Shifts in ppm (parts per million)**: - 12: \(\ce{R-C=O}\) (Carboxylic acid) - 10: \(\ce{R-OH}\) (Alcohol hydroxyl) - 9: \(\ce{R-C=O}\) (Aldehyde) - 7: \(\ce{C=C-H}\) (Aromatic proton) - 4: \(\ce{H-C-O}\), \( \ce{H-C-X} \) (where X = F, Cl, Br; Electronegative atom) - 3: \(\ce{H-C-N}\), \(\ce{H-C-S}\) - 2: \(\ce{H-C=C}\) - 1-2: \(\ce{CH3}\), \(\ce{CH2}\) - 0-1: \(\ce{HC-C}\) (Methyl protons)##### 2. IR Absorption Regions- **Functional Groups and Corresponding Wavenumber (\( \text{cm}^{-1} \))**: - Broad peaks are indicated by a broad line, while sharp peaks are indicated by narrow lines. - **O-H (hydroxyl group)**: ~3400 (broad) - **N-H (amines)**: 3300-3500 (one peak per N-H bond) - **C-H (sp C-H stretch)**: 3250-3300 - **C=O (carbonyl group)**: ~1700 with some variations: - Esters: 1730 - Aldehydes and Ketones: 1700 - Amides: # Organic Chemistry Reaction Schemes and Regiocontrol Analysis## IntroductionBelow you will find twelve (12) structures (e.g., structure 1, structure 2, etc.; some represent reaction products, while some represent potential intermediates), along with three (3) reaction schemes. Your task is to match each reaction scheme with the correct product by filling in the blank with the corresponding structure number (i.e., 1, 2, 3, etc.). Following this, answer any additional questions that pertain to the reaction schemes.## Structures1. Structure 1 ![Structure 1](https://path/to/image1)2. Structure 2 ![Structure 2](https://path/to/image2)3. Structure 3 ![Structure 3](https://path/to/image3)4. Structure 4 ![Structure 4](https://path/to/image4)5. Structure 5 ![Structure 5](https://path/to/image5)6. Structure 6 ![Structure 6](https://path/to/image6)7. Structure 7 ![Structure 7](https://path/to/image7)8. Structure 8 ![Structure 8](https://path/to/image8)9. Structure 9 ![Structure 9](https://path/to/image9)10. Structure 10 ![Structure 10](https://path/to/image10)11. Structure 11 ![Structure 11](https://path/to/image11)12. Structure 12 ![Structure 12](https://path/to/image12)## Reaction Schemes and Questions### Reaction Scheme (a)#### Reaction:Cyclohexane + HBr + \(H_2O_2\) → Product#### Questions:1. What is the product of this reaction? \(\_\_\_\)2. What is the regiocontrol in this reaction? \(\_\_\_\)### Reaction Scheme (b)#### Reaction:Cyclohexane + \(Br_2\) + light → Product#### Questions:1. Does this reaction exhibit any regiocontrol (yes or no)? \(\_\_\_\)2. Which structure above represents an intermediate in this reaction? \(\_\_\_\)### Reaction Scheme (c)#### Reaction:Cyclohexane + NBS + light → Product#### Questions:1. What is the regi

a) The product formed in this reaction is given below: The reaction proceeds via a three-step…

Below you will find twelve (12) structures (e.g. structure 1, structure 2, etc....some represent reaction products, some represent potential intermediates), but you will only find three (3) reaction schemes. Your job is to match the reaction scheme with the correct product by simply filling in the blank wit the correct structure number (i.e. 1, 2, 3, etc.). Then answer any additional questions regarding the reaction scheme(s). a. HBr H₂O₂ b. Br₂ light & aar Structure 3 bibibi i. What is the regiocontrol in this reaction? Structure 1 NBS light Intermediate 1 Structure 5 Structure 9 i. What is the regiocontrol in this reaction? bibibi i. Does this reaction exhibit any regiocontrol (yes or no)? Structure 2 Structure 6 Intermediate 2 Structure 10 Br ii. Which structure above represents an intermediate in this reaction? Structure 7 O Structure 11 Br da ga Intermediate 3 Structure 4 Intermediate 4 Structure 8 ii. Below are all the possible intermediates for the reaction in part c. Which intermediate gives the final product (enter the intermediate number as your answer: 1, 2, 3 etc.)? The previous intermediate (the one that gives the product) is in resonance with one of the others...which one? (simply enter the intermediate number: 1, 2, 3, etc.)? Structure 12 Br Intermediate 5 Br Intermediate 6

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...