Homework Help is Here – Start Your Trial Now!
Science
Biology
Below we are comparing two alleles: wildtype (functional) and mutant (not functional). Normally, p53 can bind to DNA and detect damage. Here we are considering a heterozygote: one wildtype allele, one mutant allele. DNA DNA Consider two phenotypes: 1. Binding to DNA 2. Cancer risk. For each phenotype level, would the wildtype or mutant allele be considered dominant (or is neither allele dominant)? Explain.

Below we are comparing two alleles: wildtype (functional) and mutant (not functional). Normally, p53 can bind to DNA and detect damage. Here we are considering a heterozygote: one wildtype allele, one mutant allele. DNA DNA Consider two phenotypes: 1. Binding to DNA 2. Cancer risk. For each phenotype level, would the wildtype or mutant allele be considered dominant (or is neither allele dominant)? Explain.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
See similar textbooks
icon
Related questions
Question

Question in photo

### Understanding the Role of p53 in Genetics **p53 Gene Functionality:** 1. **Gene Expression:** - The p53 gene codes for a protein symbolized by a single circle. - Protein monomers form dimers (represented by two attached circles). - Two dimers combine to create functional p53. 2. **Biological Significance:** - p53 is termed the “guardian of the genome” due to its role in reducing mutation rates. - It either repairs cellular damage or initiates cell death to prevent mutations. - Undetected DNA damage may increase mutation frequency, raising cancer risk. - Over time, such mutations can lead to unchecked cell division—a hallmark of cancer. **Allelic Comparison:** - The comparison involves two alleles: 1. **Wildtype (Functional) Allele:** Capable of binding to DNA and detecting damage. 2. **Mutant (Non-functional) Allele** - **Heterozygote Scenario:** - One wildtype allele and one mutant allele are present. **Phenotypic Considerations:** 1. **Binding to DNA** 2. **Cancer Risk** - For each phenotype, the goal is to determine the dominant allele or if one allele is not dominant over the other. **Diagram Explanation:** - **Dimers Representation:** - Wildtype dimers are white circles; mutant dimers are orange circles. - **Functionality:** - Functional p53 is indicated by two wildtype dimers forming a complex (illustrated at the top). - Non-functional p53 involves either two mutant dimers or a combination of mutant and wildtype dimers. - **DNA Interaction:** - Functional p53 (with wildtype dimers) successfully binds to DNA. - Non-functional p53 (with mutant influence) fails to bind effectively, increasing cancer risk. ***Query for Consideration:*** - Discuss which allele (wildtype or mutant) would dominate or if there is no dominance concerning each phenotype (DNA binding and cancer risk).
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding the Role of p53 in Genetics **p53 Gene Functionality:** 1. **Gene Expression:** - The p53 gene codes for a protein symbolized by a single circle. - Protein monomers form dimers (represented by two attached circles). - Two dimers combine to create functional p53. 2. **Biological Significance:** - p53 is termed the “guardian of the genome” due to its role in reducing mutation rates. - It either repairs cellular damage or initiates cell death to prevent mutations. - Undetected DNA damage may increase mutation frequency, raising cancer risk. - Over time, such mutations can lead to unchecked cell division—a hallmark of cancer. **Allelic Comparison:** - The comparison involves two alleles: 1. **Wildtype (Functional) Allele:** Capable of binding to DNA and detecting damage. 2. **Mutant (Non-functional) Allele** - **Heterozygote Scenario:** - One wildtype allele and one mutant allele are present. **Phenotypic Considerations:** 1. **Binding to DNA** 2. **Cancer Risk** - For each phenotype, the goal is to determine the dominant allele or if one allele is not dominant over the other. **Diagram Explanation:** - **Dimers Representation:** - Wildtype dimers are white circles; mutant dimers are orange circles. - **Functionality:** - Functional p53 is indicated by two wildtype dimers forming a complex (illustrated at the top). - Non-functional p53 involves either two mutant dimers or a combination of mutant and wildtype dimers. - **DNA Interaction:** - Functional p53 (with wildtype dimers) successfully binds to DNA. - Non-functional p53 (with mutant influence) fails to bind effectively, increasing cancer risk. ***Query for Consideration:*** - Discuss which allele (wildtype or mutant) would dominate or if there is no dominance concerning each phenotype (DNA binding and cancer risk).
Expert Solution
Step 1

Heterozygous 

A condition where two different variety of a same allele present on different locus of a same gene.

steps

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTIONCheck out a sample Q&A here
Blurred answer
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:
9780134580999
Author:
Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:
PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:
9781947172517
Author:
Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:
OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:
9781259398629
Author:
McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:
Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:
9780815344322
Author:
Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:
W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:
9781260159363
Author:
Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:
9781260231700
Author:
Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:
McGraw Hill Education
SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS