Below are some a values, and hypothetical P values. Should you accept or reject the null hypothesis? P .05 .06 .06>.05 accept the null hypothesis .01 .012 .001 .0001 .05 .045 .01 .1 .05 .051 .10 .09 .09=.10 fail to accept the null hypothesis

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**Table Explanation: Decision Making with α and P Values**

The table below shows different α (alpha) values and hypothetical P values to help determine whether to accept or reject a null hypothesis in statistical testing.

| α    | P       | Decision                                        |
|------|---------|-------------------------------------------------|
| 0.05 | 0.06    | 0.06 > 0.05 accept the null hypothesis          |
| 0.01 | 0.012   |                                                     |
| 0.001| 0.0001  |                                                     |
| 0.05 | 0.045   |                                                     |
| 0.01 | 0.1     |                                                     |
| 0.05 | 0.051   |                                                     |
| 0.10 | 0.09    | 0.09 < / = 0.10 fail to accept the null hypothesis|

**Explanation:**

- **α (Alpha) Value**: The significance level, usually set at 0.05, 0.01, or 0.001, denotes the threshold for rejecting the null hypothesis.
- **P Value**: The probability of observing the data given that the null hypothesis is true. It helps determine whether the data provides enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
- **Decision**: Based on the comparison between the P value and the α value:
  - If P > α, accept the null hypothesis.
  - If P ≤ α, fail to accept the null hypothesis (often implying the data is significant).

In the table, specific examples illustrate these decision-making rules, emphasizing how different combinations of α and P values influence hypothesis testing decisions.
Transcribed Image Text:**Table Explanation: Decision Making with α and P Values** The table below shows different α (alpha) values and hypothetical P values to help determine whether to accept or reject a null hypothesis in statistical testing. | α | P | Decision | |------|---------|-------------------------------------------------| | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.06 > 0.05 accept the null hypothesis | | 0.01 | 0.012 | | | 0.001| 0.0001 | | | 0.05 | 0.045 | | | 0.01 | 0.1 | | | 0.05 | 0.051 | | | 0.10 | 0.09 | 0.09 < / = 0.10 fail to accept the null hypothesis| **Explanation:** - **α (Alpha) Value**: The significance level, usually set at 0.05, 0.01, or 0.001, denotes the threshold for rejecting the null hypothesis. - **P Value**: The probability of observing the data given that the null hypothesis is true. It helps determine whether the data provides enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis. - **Decision**: Based on the comparison between the P value and the α value: - If P > α, accept the null hypothesis. - If P ≤ α, fail to accept the null hypothesis (often implying the data is significant). In the table, specific examples illustrate these decision-making rules, emphasizing how different combinations of α and P values influence hypothesis testing decisions.
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