Below are several polar covalent bonds. Indicate the d+ and d- ends of each bond.  a) N-P b)  N-Si                c)  O=C                d)  C-Cl

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Below are several polar covalent bonds. Indicate the d+ and d- ends of each bond. 

a) N-P

b)  N-Si               

c)  O=C               

d)  C-Cl

### Understanding Polar Covalent Bonds

#### Problem 3: Indicating Partial Charges in Polar Covalent Bonds

Below are several examples of polar covalent bonds. Your task is to indicate the \( \delta^+ \) (partial positive) and \( \delta^- \) (partial negative) ends of each bond.

a) \( \textbf{N-P} \)

b) \( \underline{\textbf{N-Si}} \)

c) \( \textbf{O=C} \)

d) \( \textbf{C-Cl} \)

### Explanation:

In each bond, the more electronegative element will attract the shared electrons more strongly, acquiring a partial negative charge (\( \delta^- \)), while the less electronegative element will have a partial positive charge (\( \delta^+ \)).

1. **N-P (Nitrogen-Phosphorus) Bond:**
   - Nitrogen (N) is more electronegative than Phosphorus (P).
   - Indicate: \( \text{N} \delta^- - \text{P} \delta^+ \)

2. **N-Si (Nitrogen-Silicon) Bond:**
   - Nitrogen (N) is more electronegative than Silicon (Si).
   - Indicate: \( \text{N} \delta^- - \text{Si} \delta^+ \)

3. **O=C (Oxygen-Carbon) Double Bond:**
   - Oxygen (O) is more electronegative than Carbon (C).
   - Indicate: \( \text{O} \delta^- = \text{C} \delta^+ \)

4. **C-Cl (Carbon-Chlorine) Bond:**
   - Chlorine (Cl) is more electronegative than Carbon (C).
   - Indicate: \( \text{C} \delta^+ - \text{Cl} \delta^- \)

Understanding these partial charges is essential in predicting the behavior of molecules in chemical reactions and their physical properties.
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Polar Covalent Bonds #### Problem 3: Indicating Partial Charges in Polar Covalent Bonds Below are several examples of polar covalent bonds. Your task is to indicate the \( \delta^+ \) (partial positive) and \( \delta^- \) (partial negative) ends of each bond. a) \( \textbf{N-P} \) b) \( \underline{\textbf{N-Si}} \) c) \( \textbf{O=C} \) d) \( \textbf{C-Cl} \) ### Explanation: In each bond, the more electronegative element will attract the shared electrons more strongly, acquiring a partial negative charge (\( \delta^- \)), while the less electronegative element will have a partial positive charge (\( \delta^+ \)). 1. **N-P (Nitrogen-Phosphorus) Bond:** - Nitrogen (N) is more electronegative than Phosphorus (P). - Indicate: \( \text{N} \delta^- - \text{P} \delta^+ \) 2. **N-Si (Nitrogen-Silicon) Bond:** - Nitrogen (N) is more electronegative than Silicon (Si). - Indicate: \( \text{N} \delta^- - \text{Si} \delta^+ \) 3. **O=C (Oxygen-Carbon) Double Bond:** - Oxygen (O) is more electronegative than Carbon (C). - Indicate: \( \text{O} \delta^- = \text{C} \delta^+ \) 4. **C-Cl (Carbon-Chlorine) Bond:** - Chlorine (Cl) is more electronegative than Carbon (C). - Indicate: \( \text{C} \delta^+ - \text{Cl} \delta^- \) Understanding these partial charges is essential in predicting the behavior of molecules in chemical reactions and their physical properties.
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