Below are excerpts from a primary document which criticizes the Catholic Church in the period leading up to and during the Protestant Reformation. In your own words you are to 1) explain the criticism (summarize in your own words) and 2) explain the Reformation value being described by the criticism (i.e. no indulgences, too much papal power, corruption, and so on. This is very open ended, just be thorough in your explanation).   Petrarch, a humanist writer describes the papal court, 14th century Here reign the successors of the poor fishermen of Galilee; they have strangely forgotten their origin. I am astounded, as I recall their predecessors, to see these men loaded with gold and clad in purple, boasting of the spoils of princes and nations; to see luxurious palaces and heights crowned with fortifications, instead of a boat turned downwards for shelter. . . .   John Calvin, Reformation Leader, The Necessity of Reforming the Church, 1543 In word, indeed, they [Catholic Church] concede to God the glory of all that is good; but, in reality, they rob him of the half, or more than the half, by partitioning his perfections among the saints. Let our adversaries use what evasions they may, and defame us for exaggerating what they pretend to be trivial errors, I will simply state the fact as every man perceives it. Divine offices are distributed among the saints as if they had been appointed colleagues to the supreme God, and, in a multitude of instances, they are made to do his work, while he is kept out of view. The thing I complain of is just what every body confesses by a vulgar proverb. For what is meant by saying, "the Lord cannot be known for apostles," unless it be that, by the height to which apostles are raised, the dignity of Christ is sunk, or at least obscured?   Martin Luther, Reformation Leader, 95 Theses, 1517 45. Christians are to be taught that he who sees a needy man and passes him by, yet gives his money for indulgences, does not buy papal indulgences but God's wrath.