Be sure to show all your work/ calculations and circle the appropriate letter as needed. Consider the molecule 2-methylpentane below, and Using the four Newman Projections provided below: i) Draw the four conformations associated with the molecule. (You must draw as if sighting down the C-2-C-3 bond.) ii) Calculate the strain energy for the four Newman Projection conformations. iii) Identify the most stable conformation and also the least stable conformation of the molecule from your calculations. 1. you are sighting down along the C-2-C-3 bond. The Strain Energy Values are listed below. (You will not need to use all of them.) Eclipsed Strain Energy Values H -H 4.0 kJ CH3 - H 6.0 kJ CH3- CH3 11.0 kJ CH3CH2- H 7.0 kJ CH3CH2- CH3 13.0 kJ CH3CH2 - CH3CH2 15.0 kJ Gauche Strain Energy Values CH3- CH3 3.8 kJ CH3CH2 - CH3CH2 4.2 kJ CH3CH2- CH3 4.0 kJ 2-methylpentane 2 3 Newman Projections: 60° (3) 0° (4) 120° (2) 180° (1) H -ChCH3 -13 u.o CH3 CH #u CH2CH3 Coanche Anti QCIPud Fully eclipred enurdy 23 J LEAST STABLE Onur4y: 11 1J enngy- &T MOST ST ABLE H H H
Basics in Organic Reactions Mechanisms
In organic chemistry, the mechanism of an organic reaction is defined as a complete step-by-step explanation of how a reaction of organic compounds happens. A completely detailed mechanism would relate the first structure of the reactants with the last structure of the products and would represent changes in structure and energy all through the reaction step.
Heterolytic Bond Breaking
Heterolytic bond breaking is also known as heterolysis or heterolytic fission or ionic fission. It is defined as breaking of a covalent bond between two different atoms in which one atom gains both of the shared pair of electrons. The atom that gains both electrons is more electronegative than the other atom in covalent bond. The energy needed for heterolytic fission is called as heterolytic bond dissociation energy.
Polar Aprotic Solvent
Solvents that are chemically polar in nature and are not capable of hydrogen bonding (implying that a hydrogen atom directly linked with an electronegative atom is not found) are referred to as polar aprotic solvents. Some commonly used polar aprotic solvents are acetone, DMF, acetonitrile, DMSO, etc.
Oxygen Nucleophiles
Oxygen being an electron rich species with a lone pair electron, can act as a good nucleophile. Typically, oxygen nucleophiles can be found in these compounds- water, hydroxides and alcohols.
Carbon Nucleophiles
We are aware that carbon belongs to group IV and hence does not possess any lone pair of electrons. Implying that neutral carbon is not a nucleophile then how is carbon going to be nucleophilic? The answer to this is that when a carbon atom is attached to a metal (can be seen in the case of organometallic compounds), the metal atom develops a partial positive charge and carbon develops a partial negative charge, hence making carbon nucleophilic.
Did I do this correctly??? If not please help! And explain the "anti" please.
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