Based on what geologists have learned about Earth history, levels of oxygen in Earth's ancient atmosphere (3-4 billion years ago) were much lower than they are now. Glycolysis evolved when oxygen levels were very low in Earth's atmosphere. Eventually, levels of atmospheric oxgyen rose as Cyanobacteria released oxygen during photosynthesis. The presence of oxygen in the atmosphere resulted in the evolution of aerobic bacteria. The aerobic bacteria became permanent parts of the Eukaryotic cell. Their descendents are the organelles known as the mitochondria. True False

Based on what geologists have learned about Earth history, levels of oxygen in Earth's ancient atmosphere (3-4 billion years ago) were much lower than they are now. Glycolysis evolved when oxygen levels were very low in Earth's atmosphere. Eventually, levels of atmospheric oxgyen rose as Cyanobacteria released oxygen during photosynthesis. The presence of oxygen in the atmosphere resulted in the evolution of aerobic bacteria. The aerobic bacteria became permanent parts of the Eukaryotic cell. Their descendents are the organelles known as the mitochondria. True False

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter13: Diversity Of Microbes, Fungi, And Protists

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9RQ: Mitochondria most likely evolved from_______. a. a photosynthetic cyanobacterium b. cytoskeletal...

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Cyanobacteria was responsible for the increase in oxygen levels billions of years ago. They play a decisive role in changing the earth’s environment. Explain how are Cyanobacteria related in changing the early earth’s environment which later suitable for the development of other organisms.
Mitochondria most likely evolved from_______. a. a photosynthetic cyanobacterium b. cytoskeletal elements c. aerobic bacteria d. membrane proliferation
The first organisms that oxygenated the atmosphere were ______. a. cyanobacteria b. phootrophic organisms c. anaerobic organisms d. allof the above
In what order would the following processes may have evolved? Please provide an explanation for the order chosen. The processes: Krebs cycle, Electron transport, Glycolysis, and Photosynthesis
Around the time Eukaryotic Cells began to compartmentalize their reactions, and the chloroplast and mitochondria evolved, the atmosphere went through a shift in composition. A new deadly gas became more and more prominent, which likely caused a mass extinction for those organisms that couldn't adapt to its toxicity. The gas was: Nitrogen Sulfuric Acid Oxygen Methane
According to the endosymbiotic theory, which of the following is NOT true about the evolution of life on earth? Eukaryotes and prokaryotes appeared at about the same time and evolved independently from each other. O None of the other four answers (all are true statements) Eukaryotes evolved from symbiotic prokaryotes living inside other prokaryotes Mitochondria and chloroplasts are in some ways similar to prokaryotes The first life on earth was simple organisms, similar to today's prokaryotes
Explain the following observation. When a photosynthetic system is exposed to a brief flash of light, no oxygen is evolved. Only after several bursts of light is oxygen evolved.
Investigate and describe how prokaryotic cells photosynthesize without having chloroplasts. What impact did these organisms have on the geological and evolutionary history of the earth?
Which microbes were the first to evolve oxygenic photosynthesis following the evolution of porphyrin rings, and thus were responsible for first converting Earth's atmosphere from anaerobic to an aerobic environment? algae green plants cyanobacteria O strict/obligate aerobic bacteria
The production of by prokaryotes increased its atmospheric concentration and enabled more complex forms of life to evolve. (a) carbon dioxide (b) oxygen (c) nitrogen (d) all of the above
The oxygen revolution changed Earth’s environmentdramatically. Which of the following took advantage of thepresence of free oxygen in the oceans and atmosphere?(A) the evolution of cellular respiration, which used oxygen tohelp harvest energy from organic molecules(B) the persistence of some animal groups in anaerobichabitats(C) the evolution of photosynthetic pigments that protectedearly algae from the corrosive effects of oxygen(D) the evolution of chloroplasts after early protists incorporated photosynthetic cyanobacteria
What might happen if all of the autotrophs on the planet suddenly became heterotrophs? No organism would be able to collect energy from light or carbon from air, and life would end. Heterotrophs would get their energy from sunlight. New autotrophs would arise through exogenesis. Some heterotrophs would become mesotrophs.