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Background Part 1: How the Choice of Nucleophile and Solvent Affect Whether a Substitution Reaction Favors an SN1 or SN2 mechanism. The purpose of this part of the experiment is to help you visualize how the choice of nucleophile and solvent affects whether the reaction of an alcohol proceeds by an SN1 or SN2 mechanism. This reaction uses Zn²* and H* to improve the leaving group, Cl as a nucleophile and water as the solvent. By noticing the relative reactivity of a 1°, a 2°, and a 3° alcohol under these conditions, you will be able to determine what type of reaction mechanism is favored. (As a reminder, it is extremely difficult to form a primary carbocation, and therefore a primary alcohol cannot undergo an SN1 mechanism. Tertiary alcohols cannot react via an SN2 mechanism because of steric hindrance.) ( What type of nucleophile is Cl... strong or weak? Is water protic or aprotic? Protic. Do the solvent and nucleophile favor an SN1 or SN2 mechanism? Snl 3 Therefore, which alcohol do you think will react first... the 1°, 2° or 3° alcohol? Draw the predicted reaction mechanism and write the expected product of the reaction. (Use R-OH to generally represent any reactive alcohol.) You will be able to visually determine how fast product is formed in this reaction. The alcohol reactant has hydrogen bonding, which helps make it soluble in water. However, after the alcohol 5 group is replaced with Cl, the polarity of the molecule decreases. Since the product is much less soluble than the reactant, the sample will become cloudy as product is formed. When using ZnCl2 with HCl, why does the reaction favor substitution over elimination?

Background Part 1: How the Choice of Nucleophile and Solvent Affect Whether a Substitution Reaction Favors an SN1 or SN2 mechanism. The purpose of this part of the experiment is to help you visualize how the choice of nucleophile and solvent affects whether the reaction of an alcohol proceeds by an SN1 or SN2 mechanism. This reaction uses Zn²* and H* to improve the leaving group, Cl as a nucleophile and water as the solvent. By noticing the relative reactivity of a 1°, a 2°, and a 3° alcohol under these conditions, you will be able to determine what type of reaction mechanism is favored. (As a reminder, it is extremely difficult to form a primary carbocation, and therefore a primary alcohol cannot undergo an SN1 mechanism. Tertiary alcohols cannot react via an SN2 mechanism because of steric hindrance.) ( What type of nucleophile is Cl... strong or weak? Is water protic or aprotic? Protic. Do the solvent and nucleophile favor an SN1 or SN2 mechanism? Snl 3 Therefore, which alcohol do you think will react first... the 1°, 2° or 3° alcohol? Draw the predicted reaction mechanism and write the expected product of the reaction. (Use R-OH to generally represent any reactive alcohol.) You will be able to visually determine how fast product is formed in this reaction. The alcohol reactant has hydrogen bonding, which helps make it soluble in water. However, after the alcohol 5 group is replaced with Cl, the polarity of the molecule decreases. Since the product is much less soluble than the reactant, the sample will become cloudy as product is formed. When using ZnCl2 with HCl, why does the reaction favor substitution over elimination?

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Background Part 1: How the Choice of Nucleophile and Solvent Affect Whether a Substitution Reaction Favors an SN1 or SN2 mechanism. The purpose of this part of the experiment is to help you visualize how the choice of nucleophile and solvent affects whether the reaction of an alcohol proceeds by an SN1 or SN2 mechanism. This reaction uses Zn²* and H* to improve the leaving group, Cl as a nucleophile and water as the solvent. By noticing the relative reactivity of a 1°, a 2°, and a 3° alcohol under these conditions, you will be able to determine what type of reaction mechanism is favored. (As a reminder, it is extremely difficult to form a primary carbocation, and therefore a primary alcohol cannot undergo an SN1 mechanism. Tertiary alcohols cannot react via an SN2 mechanism because of steric hindrance.) ( What type of nucleophile is Cl... strong or weak? Is water protic or aprotic? ProtiC Do the solvent and nucleophile favor an SN1 or SN2 mechanism?_Snl 3 Therefore, which alcohol do you think will react first... the 1°, 2° or 3° alcohol? Draw the predicted reaction mechanism and write the expected product of the reaction. (Use R-OH to generally represent any reactive alcohol.) You will be able to visually determine how fast product is formed in this reaction. The alcohol reactant has hydrogen bonding, which helps make it soluble in water. However, after the alcohol group is replaced with Cl, the polarity of the molecule decreases. Since the product is much less soluble than the reactant, the sample will become cloudy as product is formed. 5 When using ZnCl2 with HCI, why does the reaction favor substitution over elimination?
Transcribed Image Text:Background Part 1: How the Choice of Nucleophile and Solvent Affect Whether a Substitution Reaction Favors an SN1 or SN2 mechanism. The purpose of this part of the experiment is to help you visualize how the choice of nucleophile and solvent affects whether the reaction of an alcohol proceeds by an SN1 or SN2 mechanism. This reaction uses Zn²* and H* to improve the leaving group, Cl as a nucleophile and water as the solvent. By noticing the relative reactivity of a 1°, a 2°, and a 3° alcohol under these conditions, you will be able to determine what type of reaction mechanism is favored. (As a reminder, it is extremely difficult to form a primary carbocation, and therefore a primary alcohol cannot undergo an SN1 mechanism. Tertiary alcohols cannot react via an SN2 mechanism because of steric hindrance.) ( What type of nucleophile is Cl... strong or weak? Is water protic or aprotic? ProtiC Do the solvent and nucleophile favor an SN1 or SN2 mechanism?_Snl 3 Therefore, which alcohol do you think will react first... the 1°, 2° or 3° alcohol? Draw the predicted reaction mechanism and write the expected product of the reaction. (Use R-OH to generally represent any reactive alcohol.) You will be able to visually determine how fast product is formed in this reaction. The alcohol reactant has hydrogen bonding, which helps make it soluble in water. However, after the alcohol group is replaced with Cl, the polarity of the molecule decreases. Since the product is much less soluble than the reactant, the sample will become cloudy as product is formed. 5 When using ZnCl2 with HCI, why does the reaction favor substitution over elimination?
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