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B1 (a) Explain the difference between an adiabatic quasi-static process and an isothermal quasi-static process. (b) A sample of air initially at atmospheric pressure occupies a vol- ume, V . It expands quasi-statically and adiabatically to a final volume, 2V. Calculate the final pressure of the gas. (c) A player bounces a ball on the floor, compressing it to 75.0% of its original volume. The air inside the ball is originally at 21.0° C and 2.1 atm. The ball's inside diameter is 22.0 cm. i. What temperature does the ball reach at its maximum com- pression?

B1 (a) Explain the difference between an adiabatic quasi-static process and an isothermal quasi-static process. (b) A sample of air initially at atmospheric pressure occupies a vol- ume, V . It expands quasi-statically and adiabatically to a final volume, 2V. Calculate the final pressure of the gas. (c) A player bounces a ball on the floor, compressing it to 75.0% of its original volume. The air inside the ball is originally at 21.0° C and 2.1 atm. The ball's inside diameter is 22.0 cm. i. What temperature does the ball reach at its maximum com- pression?

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B1 (a) Explain the difference between an adiabatic quasi-static process and an isothermal quasi-static process. (b) A sample of air initially at atmospheric pressure occupies a vol- ume, V. It expands quasi-statically and adiabatically to a final volume, 2V. Calculate the final pressure of the gas. (c) A player bounces a ball on the floor, compressing it to 75.0% of its original volume. The air inside the ball is originally at 21.0° C and 2.1 atm. The ball's inside diameter is 22.0 cm. i. What temperature does the ball reach at its maximum com- pression? ii. By how much does the internal energy of the air change between the ball's original state and its maximum compres- sion? (d) The atmosphere of Saturn's largest satellite, Titan, consists pri- marily of nitrogen (N2) and the Cassini/Huygens mission has revealed lakes of liquid methane at its surface. Suppose that at a depth of 30 m the temperature in the lake is 120 K, and that a bubble of nitrogen, of initial radius 4 mm, rises from a depth of 30 m in the lake to the surface, where the temperature is 90 K and atmospheric pressure is 150 kPa. Determine the ra- dius of the bubble when it reaches the surface? Liquid methane has density 422 kg m-³, and the acceleration due to gravity on Titan's surface is 1.35 m s 2. [Hint: the pressure at a depth D below the surface of a liquid is P = Po + pgD , where Po is the pressure at the surface.]
Transcribed Image Text:B1 (a) Explain the difference between an adiabatic quasi-static process and an isothermal quasi-static process. (b) A sample of air initially at atmospheric pressure occupies a vol- ume, V. It expands quasi-statically and adiabatically to a final volume, 2V. Calculate the final pressure of the gas. (c) A player bounces a ball on the floor, compressing it to 75.0% of its original volume. The air inside the ball is originally at 21.0° C and 2.1 atm. The ball's inside diameter is 22.0 cm. i. What temperature does the ball reach at its maximum com- pression? ii. By how much does the internal energy of the air change between the ball's original state and its maximum compres- sion? (d) The atmosphere of Saturn's largest satellite, Titan, consists pri- marily of nitrogen (N2) and the Cassini/Huygens mission has revealed lakes of liquid methane at its surface. Suppose that at a depth of 30 m the temperature in the lake is 120 K, and that a bubble of nitrogen, of initial radius 4 mm, rises from a depth of 30 m in the lake to the surface, where the temperature is 90 K and atmospheric pressure is 150 kPa. Determine the ra- dius of the bubble when it reaches the surface? Liquid methane has density 422 kg m-³, and the acceleration due to gravity on Titan's surface is 1.35 m s 2. [Hint: the pressure at a depth D below the surface of a liquid is P = Po + pgD , where Po is the pressure at the surface.]
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