b. T (P T Q) = P A Ų c. (P ↑ P) ↑ (Q ↑ Q) = P v Q d. P↑ (Q ↑ Q) = P → Q

Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN:9780133923605
Author:Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher:Robert L. Boylestad
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P: Visit your local library (at school or home) and describe the extent to which it provides literature...
icon
Related questions
Question

Plese explain neatly and clearly. Thank you so much!

**Transcription:**

The NAND connective is important because it only takes two transistors to build an electronic circuit that computes the NAND of two signals:

![Logic Gate Circuit Diagram](transistor-circuit-image)

Such a circuit is called a *logic gate*. Moreover, it is possible to build logic gates for the other logical connectives entirely out of NAND gates. Demonstrate this by proving the following equivalences in parts (b), (c), and (d) using the laws of logical equivalence and the fact that \( P \uparrow Q \equiv \neg (P \land Q) \).

b. \((P \uparrow Q) \uparrow (P \uparrow Q) \equiv P \land Q\)

c. \((P \uparrow P) \uparrow (Q \uparrow Q) \equiv P \lor Q\)

d. \(P \uparrow (Q \uparrow Q) \equiv P \rightarrow Q\)

**Explanation of the Circuit Diagram:**

The diagram displays a basic electronic circuit using two transistors to implement a NAND gate. In this setup:

- The circuit receives two input signals, labeled as \( p \) and \( q \).
- Each input is connected to the base of a separate transistor.
- The emitters of both transistors are connected to ground.
- Resistors are present in series with each transistor's base.
- The collectors of the transistors are connected together, providing the output signal, marked as \( p \uparrow q \).
- A power supply, labeled as \( V_{cc} \), is connected to the joint collectors.

This configuration allows the circuit to output the NAND of the two input signals.
Transcribed Image Text:**Transcription:** The NAND connective is important because it only takes two transistors to build an electronic circuit that computes the NAND of two signals: ![Logic Gate Circuit Diagram](transistor-circuit-image) Such a circuit is called a *logic gate*. Moreover, it is possible to build logic gates for the other logical connectives entirely out of NAND gates. Demonstrate this by proving the following equivalences in parts (b), (c), and (d) using the laws of logical equivalence and the fact that \( P \uparrow Q \equiv \neg (P \land Q) \). b. \((P \uparrow Q) \uparrow (P \uparrow Q) \equiv P \land Q\) c. \((P \uparrow P) \uparrow (Q \uparrow Q) \equiv P \lor Q\) d. \(P \uparrow (Q \uparrow Q) \equiv P \rightarrow Q\) **Explanation of the Circuit Diagram:** The diagram displays a basic electronic circuit using two transistors to implement a NAND gate. In this setup: - The circuit receives two input signals, labeled as \( p \) and \( q \). - Each input is connected to the base of a separate transistor. - The emitters of both transistors are connected to ground. - Resistors are present in series with each transistor's base. - The collectors of the transistors are connected together, providing the output signal, marked as \( p \uparrow q \). - A power supply, labeled as \( V_{cc} \), is connected to the joint collectors. This configuration allows the circuit to output the NAND of the two input signals.
Expert Solution
Step 1

The given equations are:

b. P Q P QP  Qc. P Q Q QP  Qd. PQ QPQ

steps

Step by step

Solved in 4 steps

Blurred answer
Similar questions
Recommended textbooks for you
Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:
9780133923605
Author:
Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher:
PEARSON
Delmar's Standard Textbook Of Electricity
Delmar's Standard Textbook Of Electricity
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:
9781337900348
Author:
Stephen L. Herman
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Programmable Logic Controllers
Programmable Logic Controllers
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:
9780073373843
Author:
Frank D. Petruzella
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Fundamentals of Electric Circuits
Fundamentals of Electric Circuits
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:
9780078028229
Author:
Charles K Alexander, Matthew Sadiku
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Electric Circuits. (11th Edition)
Electric Circuits. (11th Edition)
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:
9780134746968
Author:
James W. Nilsson, Susan Riedel
Publisher:
PEARSON
Engineering Electromagnetics
Engineering Electromagnetics
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:
9780078028151
Author:
Hayt, William H. (william Hart), Jr, BUCK, John A.
Publisher:
Mcgraw-hill Education,