(b) The voltage v(t) = 2t (v) for t>0 v(t) (+ 8Ω 2F (b) Circuit B i(t) (4) What is the current of the capacitor for t>0 for i(t = 0) = 0 (5) How much power is in the capacitor for t>0 (Draw the curve) (6) How much is the energy stored in the induct for Energy(t = 0) = 0 J

Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
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Author:Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher:Robert L. Boylestad
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The complete response is the sum of the natural response and the forced response
X = Xn+Xf
Natural response of a first-order circuit
Natural response of a second-order circuit
CASE
Overdamped
Critically damped
Underdamped
az
S1 =
FORCING FUNCTION
K
Kt
K₁²
K sin cot
Ke at
Forced response of a first-order, or a second-order circuit
+ A₁
NATURAL FREQUENCIES
$1,52 = -α± √√² - 0²
$1,$₂=-α
S1, S2 = -x±j√√/0²-a² -α±jood
dx
dt
d²x
dt²
Solution of the Second-Order Differential Equation
d²x
x(t) = xn(t) + xf (t)
a2
dt²
+ a。x = f(t)
+ A1
dx
dt
"xn(t)" = Aest
Xn(t) = Ke-t/t
+ a。x = 0
-a₁ + √²-4a₂a0
242
-
Xn(t) = A₁e³₁ª + A₂e³₂t
ASSUMED RESPONSE
A
At + B
At² +Bt+C
A sin cot + B cos cot
Ae-at
NATURAL RESPONSE, Xn
Ale+Azer
(A₁+A₂t)e-at
(A, cos coat+A₂ sin coat)e
xn(t) = ?
(a₂s² + a₁s+ao) = 0
-α₁ - √²-4a₂a0
242
NATURAL RESPONSE, Xn
A₁ est + A₂e21
-α1
(A₁+A₂t)e
(A₁ cos wat+A₂ sin wat)ext
Transcribed Image Text:The complete response is the sum of the natural response and the forced response X = Xn+Xf Natural response of a first-order circuit Natural response of a second-order circuit CASE Overdamped Critically damped Underdamped az S1 = FORCING FUNCTION K Kt K₁² K sin cot Ke at Forced response of a first-order, or a second-order circuit + A₁ NATURAL FREQUENCIES $1,52 = -α± √√² - 0² $1,$₂=-α S1, S2 = -x±j√√/0²-a² -α±jood dx dt d²x dt² Solution of the Second-Order Differential Equation d²x x(t) = xn(t) + xf (t) a2 dt² + a。x = f(t) + A1 dx dt "xn(t)" = Aest Xn(t) = Ke-t/t + a。x = 0 -a₁ + √²-4a₂a0 242 - Xn(t) = A₁e³₁ª + A₂e³₂t ASSUMED RESPONSE A At + B At² +Bt+C A sin cot + B cos cot Ae-at NATURAL RESPONSE, Xn Ale+Azer (A₁+A₂t)e-at (A, cos coat+A₂ sin coat)e xn(t) = ? (a₂s² + a₁s+ao) = 0 -α₁ - √²-4a₂a0 242 NATURAL RESPONSE, Xn A₁ est + A₂e21 -α1 (A₁+A₂t)e (A₁ cos wat+A₂ sin wat)ext
(b) The voltage v(t) = 2t (v) for t>0
v(t)
Vin M
R₁
U₂0
(b) Circuit B
U10-W
R₁
ww
8Ω
Brief catalog of the Operational Amplifier circuits
(Based on the ideal operational amplifier)
www
R₁
그
Vout=
(a) Inverting amplifier
R₂
:
Rn
2F
-Ovout=
R₁
R₁
R₁
- Vout
- | i(t)
Vin
R₁ R₁
R₁ U1+R₂ U₂+...+ (un)
R₁
R₁
(d) Summing amplifier
(4) What is the current of the capacitor for t>0 ?
for i(t = 0) = 0
(5) How much power is in the capacitor for t>0?
(Draw the curve)
(6) How much is the energy stored in the inductor for t>0?
for Energy(t = 0) = 0 J
Vin O-
R₁.
im
R₁
ovout = (1 + R ₁) Vin
(b) Noninverting amplifier
R₂K₁
U10-W
R₂JK2
U20-W
R/K3
V30-W
R₂/(1-(K₁ + K₂ + K3))
R(K4-1)
Vin
(c) Voltage follower (buffer amplifier)
Rp
Ovout Vin
Ovout K4(K1v1 + K₂v2 + K303)
(e) Noninverting summing amplifier
Transcribed Image Text:(b) The voltage v(t) = 2t (v) for t>0 v(t) Vin M R₁ U₂0 (b) Circuit B U10-W R₁ ww 8Ω Brief catalog of the Operational Amplifier circuits (Based on the ideal operational amplifier) www R₁ 그 Vout= (a) Inverting amplifier R₂ : Rn 2F -Ovout= R₁ R₁ R₁ - Vout - | i(t) Vin R₁ R₁ R₁ U1+R₂ U₂+...+ (un) R₁ R₁ (d) Summing amplifier (4) What is the current of the capacitor for t>0 ? for i(t = 0) = 0 (5) How much power is in the capacitor for t>0? (Draw the curve) (6) How much is the energy stored in the inductor for t>0? for Energy(t = 0) = 0 J Vin O- R₁. im R₁ ovout = (1 + R ₁) Vin (b) Noninverting amplifier R₂K₁ U10-W R₂JK2 U20-W R/K3 V30-W R₂/(1-(K₁ + K₂ + K3)) R(K4-1) Vin (c) Voltage follower (buffer amplifier) Rp Ovout Vin Ovout K4(K1v1 + K₂v2 + K303) (e) Noninverting summing amplifier
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