b Prove that T is not injective ifff and g have a common nontrivial factor Problem 7.8. Given a field K (say K = R or K = C), given any two polynomials p(X), q(X) E K[X], we says that q(X) divides p(X) (and that p(X) is a multiple of q(X)) iff there is some c Prove that f and g have a nontrivial common factor iff Rf,g) = 0, where R(f, g) is the determinant given by polynomial s(X) e K[X] such that 0 m P(X) q(X)s(X) 0 0 0 ар am In this case we say that q(X) is a factor of p(X), and if q(X) has degree at least one, we say that q(X) is a nontrivial factor of p(X - . Rf.g) Let f(X) and g(X) be two polynomials in K[X] with - 0 ap am b, 0 0 f(X) aoX a1X1...+a, .. . 0 bo ... - of degree m 1 and bo b b 10 0 g(X) boX bX-1+ ... + b .. ... The above determinant is called the resultant off and g of degree n 1 (with ao, bo 0). You will need the following result which you need not prove: Two polynomials f(X) and g(X) with deg(f) = m 2 1 and deg(g) = n 2 1 have some common nontrivial factor iff there erist two nonzero polynomials p(X) and q(X) such that Note that the matrix of the resultant is an (n + m) x (n + m) matrix, with the first row (involving the a,s) occurring n times, each time shifted over to the right by one column, and the (n1th row (involving the b,s) occurring m times, each time shifted over to the right by one column Hint. Express the matrix of T over some suitable basis. fp g4 (2) Compute the resultant in the following three cases (a) m n 1, and write f(X) aX +b and g(X) cX +d with deg(p)n1 and deg(g) m 1 (b) m 1 and n 2 2 arbitrary (1) Let Pm denote the vector space of all polynomials in K[X] of degree at most m - 1, and let T: P x Pm Pmtn be the map given by > (c) f(X) aX2+bX +c and g(X) 2aX +b. Т(р,9) — fp+ g9, р€Pа, q€ Рm, (3) Compute the resultant of f(X)= X3 +pX q and g(X)= 3X2 p, and fixed polynomials of degree m where f and q are some f(X) aoX aj X +a2 g(X) bXb X + b2 1 and n 2 1. a) Prove that the map T is linear In the second case, you should get 4R(f.9)= (2agb2 -a,b+2agbn) - (4agaz - ai)(4bpb2 - t).

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
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Please, help me with a step by step solutions to problem (Q1 a,b,c) and I will be very grateful to you. I don't have a strong background in algebra. I hope you will help.

b Prove that T is not injective ifff and g have a common nontrivial factor
Problem 7.8. Given a field K (say K = R or K = C), given any two polynomials
p(X), q(X) E K[X], we says that q(X) divides p(X) (and that p(X) is a multiple of q(X))
iff there is some
c Prove that f and g have a nontrivial common factor iff Rf,g) = 0, where R(f, g) is
the determinant given by
polynomial s(X) e K[X] such that
0
m
P(X) q(X)s(X)
0
0
0
ар
am
In this case we say that q(X) is a factor of p(X), and if q(X) has degree at least one, we
say that q(X) is a nontrivial factor of p(X
-
.
Rf.g)
Let f(X) and g(X) be two polynomials in K[X] with
-
0
ap
am
b,
0
0
f(X) aoX a1X1...+a,
.. .
0
bo
...
-
of degree m
1 and
bo b
b
10
0
g(X) boX bX-1+ ... + b
..
...
The above determinant is called the resultant off and g
of degree n 1 (with ao, bo 0).
You will need the following result which you need not prove:
Two polynomials f(X) and g(X) with deg(f) = m 2 1 and deg(g) = n 2 1 have some
common nontrivial factor iff there erist two nonzero polynomials p(X) and q(X) such that
Note that the matrix of the resultant is an
(n + m) x (n + m) matrix, with the first row
(involving the a,s) occurring n times, each time shifted over to the right by one column, and
the (n1th row (involving the b,s) occurring m times, each time shifted over to the right
by one column
Hint. Express the matrix of T over some suitable basis.
fp g4
(2) Compute the resultant in the following three cases
(a) m n 1, and write f(X) aX +b and g(X) cX +d
with deg(p)n1 and deg(g) m
1
(b) m 1 and n 2 2 arbitrary
(1) Let Pm denote the vector space of all polynomials in K[X] of degree at most m - 1,
and let T: P x Pm
Pmtn be the map given by
>
(c) f(X) aX2+bX +c and g(X) 2aX +b.
Т(р,9) — fp+ g9, р€Pа, q€ Рm,
(3) Compute the resultant of f(X)= X3 +pX q and g(X)= 3X2 p, and
fixed polynomials of degree m
where f and q are some
f(X) aoX aj X +a2
g(X) bXb X + b2
1 and n 2 1.
a) Prove that the map T is linear
In the second case, you should get
4R(f.9)= (2agb2 -a,b+2agbn) - (4agaz - ai)(4bpb2 - t).
Transcribed Image Text:b Prove that T is not injective ifff and g have a common nontrivial factor Problem 7.8. Given a field K (say K = R or K = C), given any two polynomials p(X), q(X) E K[X], we says that q(X) divides p(X) (and that p(X) is a multiple of q(X)) iff there is some c Prove that f and g have a nontrivial common factor iff Rf,g) = 0, where R(f, g) is the determinant given by polynomial s(X) e K[X] such that 0 m P(X) q(X)s(X) 0 0 0 ар am In this case we say that q(X) is a factor of p(X), and if q(X) has degree at least one, we say that q(X) is a nontrivial factor of p(X - . Rf.g) Let f(X) and g(X) be two polynomials in K[X] with - 0 ap am b, 0 0 f(X) aoX a1X1...+a, .. . 0 bo ... - of degree m 1 and bo b b 10 0 g(X) boX bX-1+ ... + b .. ... The above determinant is called the resultant off and g of degree n 1 (with ao, bo 0). You will need the following result which you need not prove: Two polynomials f(X) and g(X) with deg(f) = m 2 1 and deg(g) = n 2 1 have some common nontrivial factor iff there erist two nonzero polynomials p(X) and q(X) such that Note that the matrix of the resultant is an (n + m) x (n + m) matrix, with the first row (involving the a,s) occurring n times, each time shifted over to the right by one column, and the (n1th row (involving the b,s) occurring m times, each time shifted over to the right by one column Hint. Express the matrix of T over some suitable basis. fp g4 (2) Compute the resultant in the following three cases (a) m n 1, and write f(X) aX +b and g(X) cX +d with deg(p)n1 and deg(g) m 1 (b) m 1 and n 2 2 arbitrary (1) Let Pm denote the vector space of all polynomials in K[X] of degree at most m - 1, and let T: P x Pm Pmtn be the map given by > (c) f(X) aX2+bX +c and g(X) 2aX +b. Т(р,9) — fp+ g9, р€Pа, q€ Рm, (3) Compute the resultant of f(X)= X3 +pX q and g(X)= 3X2 p, and fixed polynomials of degree m where f and q are some f(X) aoX aj X +a2 g(X) bXb X + b2 1 and n 2 1. a) Prove that the map T is linear In the second case, you should get 4R(f.9)= (2agb2 -a,b+2agbn) - (4agaz - ai)(4bpb2 - t).
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