(b) How do the structures of these molecules account for these differencesin solubility? Provide a full account of the structures and their influenceon intermolecular forces that might account for the differences in thisphysical property. (NameSolubility 201-butanol73 g/Lbutanal7.6 g/100 mLbutanone27.5 g/100 mL1-chlorobutane0.5 g/L

Answered: (b) How do the structures of these…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Question

(b) How do the structures of these molecules account for these differences
in solubility? Provide a full account of the structures and their influence
on intermolecular forces that might account for the differences in this
physical property. (
Name
Solubility 20
1-butanol
73 g/L
butanal
7.6 g/100 mL
butanone
27.5 g/100 mL
1-chlorobutane
0.5 g/L

Expert Solution

Step 1-Introduction

The amount of a substance that goes into the solution is termed as the solubility of the substance. Moreover, the solubility of the substance in a specific solvent depends on the interaction between the substance and the solvent. There are various inter-molecular forces available to explain the solubility of the substances and it includes dipole-dipole, Vander Waals interactions, and hydrogen bonding.

In hydrogen bonding, the hydrogen bonded to the high electronegative atom is involved in the interaction with the lone pair of the high electronegative atom of another molecule. For example, the presence of hydrogen bonding furnishes the enhanced physical properties to water.