b) Complete the following decay reaction by identifying both the temporary nucleus (??) and the end product (2²) that it decays into. In this case, sodium-23 is bombarded with protons, forming a short-lived nucleus which quickly undergoes alpha decay. 2³Na + H → (??) → (^?) + a Enter the chemical symbol for the temporary nucleus: A/
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- 183 w has atomic mass 182.9502245 u. 74 What is the atomic mass number for this nucleus? 183 What is atomic number for this nucleus? 74 How many neutrons in this nucleus? 109 How many electrons in a neutral atom of this nucleus? 74 What is the mass defect of this atom in MeV/c2? NumberDetermine the Nuclear Mass Density from: a. Alpha Particles (2He4) b. Carbon (6C12) c. Oxygen (8016) Is known: MHe = 4.0026 u mc 12,0000 u mo 15.99977u 1 u 1.66053906660 x 10-27 kgA moon rock collected by a U.S. Apollo mission is estimated to be 3.90 billion years old by uranium/lead dating. Assuming that the rock did not contain any lead when it was formed, what is the current mass of 20°Pb in the rock, if it currently contains 1.340 g of 238 U? The half-life of 238U is 4.47 × 10° years. 206Pb mass: 1.1 Incorrect
- 15. A nucleus with 96 protons (and 248 nucleons) is bombarded with a neutron. Two products emerge from the collision. The first product is a proton. What is the second product? A. A nucleus with 95 protons B. A nucleus with 96 protons C. A nucleus with 151 neutrons D. A nucleus with 152 neutronsFind A and identify X in the following nuclear reactions: (a) ¹H + Be → AX + n; (b)¹²C + ¹H → AX; (c) 15N + ¹H→ 4He + AX. (a) A = (b) A = (c) A = HI i Hi X: X: X: >11. Calculate the energy released in the reaction shown below. Li+ n → He+ H Particle Mass (u) Li 6.01513 in 1.00867 4.0026 He 3.01604
- c) Complete the following decay reaction to show sodium-24 undergoing ߯ decay. First identify the unknown daughter nucleus (?).. and then name the subatomic particle that completes the reaction. 24Na → (?) + v + (subatomic particle) Enter the mass number A = Enter the atomic number Z = Enter the chemical symbol: Name the subatomic particle: A/ NA 60-kg person accidentally ingests a small source of alpha particles (RBE=15). The activity of the source is 0.04 Ci, the half-life of the source is 110 years, and each alpha particle emitted has an energy of 0.586 MeV. It takes 12 hours for the alpha source to pass through the person’s digestive system and exit the body.i. How many alpha particles are absorbed by the person (assume that 100 percent of the alpha particles emitted by the source are absorbed by the person)? ii. How much energy, in Joules, is deposited in the person by the source?iii. What is the absorbed dose in rad? iv. What is the absorbed dose in rem?The items on the right show an incomplete radioactive decay equation. Match the items at the left to correctly complete these equations. 266 1. 106Sg -> 2. 24°Cm 238U 23 Th + 90 96 3. He 23Pu + He → n + ón + ộn + 94 4. -je 266 106 → öY +
- A fusion reaction that has been considered as a source of energy is the absorption of a proton by a boron-11 nucleus to produce three alpha particles: 1/1H + 11/5B → 3(4/2He)This reaction is an attractive possibility because boron is easily obtained from the Earth’s crust. A disadvantage is that the protons and boron nuclei must have large kinetic energies for the reaction to take place. This requirement contrasts with the initiation of uranium fission by slow neutrons. (a) How much energy is released in each reaction? (b) Why must the reactant particles have high kinetic energies?Determine the energy released when a Uranium-235 nucleus under fission to Te-134, Zr-99, and two neurons. A table of isotopes lists the binding energy per nucleon on the nuclei of U-235, Te-134, and Zr-99 as 7.69 MeV, 8.38MeV, and 8.54MeV, respectively.A sample of carbon-14 initially consists of 5 × 10 24 particles. Carbon-14 has a half- life of 5730 years. a. What is the decay constant for carbon-14? (Answer in units of yr –1 .) b. How many radioactive particles of the sample remain after 100 years? c. What percentage of the radioactive particles remains after 500 years? d. How many radioactive particles of the sample remain after 1000 years? e. How much time will it take for 50% of the particles to decay? f. How much time will it take for 99% of the particles to decay? g. How many half-lives will it take for 99% of the sample to decay? h. What is the initial decay rate of the sample? (Answer in decays/yr.) i. After 200 years, what is the decay rate of the sample? j. How long will it take for the decay rate to decrease to 1015 decays/year? k. How many half-lives have passed after the time you found in part (j)?