Astronomy 1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
1 Science And The Universe: A Brief Tour 2 Observing The Sky: The Birth Of Astronomy 3 Orbits And Gravity 4 Earth, Moon, And Sky 5 Radiation And Spectra 6 Astronomical Instruments 7 Other Worlds: An Introduction To The Solar System 8 Earth As A Planet 9 Cratered Worlds 10 Earthlike Planets: Venus And Mars 11 The Giant Planets 12 Rings, Moons, And Pluto 13 Comets And Asteroids: Debris Of The Solar System 14 Cosmic Samples And The Origin Of The Solar System 15 The Sun: A Garden-variety Star 16 The Sun: A Nuclear Powerhouse 17 Analyzing Starlight 18 The Stars: A Celestial Census 19 Celestial Distances 20 Between The Stars: Gas And Dust In Space 21 The Birth Of Stars And The Discovery Of Planets Outside The Solar System 22 Stars From Adolescence To Old Age 23 The Death Of Stars 24 Black Holes And Curved Spacetime 25 The Milky Way Galaxy 26 Galaxies 27 Active Galaxies, Quasars, And Supermassive Black Holes 28 The Evolution And Distribution Of Galaxies 29 The Big Bang 30 Life In The Universe Chapter4: Earth, Moon, And Sky
Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1E: Discuss how latitude and longitude on Earth are similar to declination and right ascension in the... Problem 2E: What is the latitude of the North Pole? The South Pole? Why does longitude have no meaning at the... Problem 3E: Make a list of each main phase of the Moon, describing roughly when the Moon rises and sets for each... Problem 4E: What are advantages and disadvantages of apparent solar time? How is the situation improved by... Problem 5E: What are the two ways that the tilt of Earth’s axis causes the summers in the United States to be... Problem 6E: Why is it difficult to construct a practical calendar based on the Moon’s cycle of phases? Problem 7E: Explain why there are two high tides and two low tides each day. Strictly speaking, should the... Problem 8E: What is the phase of the Moon during a total solar eclipse? During a total lunar eclipse? Problem 9E: On a globe or world map, find the nearest marked latitude line to your location. Is this an example... Problem 10E: Explain three lines of evidence that indicate that the seasons in North America are not caused by... Problem 11E: What is the origin of the terms “a.m.” and “p.m.” in our timekeeping? Problem 12E: Explain the origin of the leap year. Why is it necessary? Problem 13E: Explain why the year 1800 was not a leap year, even though years divisible by four are normally... Problem 14E: What fraction of the Moon’s visible face is illuminated during first quarter phase? Why is this... Problem 15E: Why don’t lunar eclipses happen during every full moon? Problem 16E: Why does the Moon create tidal bulges on both sides of Earth instead of only on the side of Earth... Problem 17E: Why do the heights of the tides change over the course of a month? Problem 18E: Explain how tidal forces are causing Earth to slow down. Problem 19E: Explain how tidal forces are causing the Moon to slowly recede from Earth. Problem 20E: Explain why the Gregorian calendar modified the nature of the leap year from its original definition... Problem 21E: The term equinox translates as “equal night.” Explain why this translation makes sense from an... Problem 22E: The term solstice translates as “Sun stop.” Explain why this translation makes sense from an... Problem 23E: Why is the warmest day of the year in the United States (or in the Northern Hemisphere temperate... Problem 24E: When Earth’s Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun during June, some would argue that the... Problem 25E: Where are you on Earth if you experience each of the following? (Refer to the discussion in... Problem 26E: In countries at far northern latitudes, the winter months tend to be so cloudy that astronomical... Problem 27E: What is the phase of the Moon if it . . . A. rises at 3:00 p.m.? B. is highest in the sky at... Problem 28E: A car accident occurs around midnight on the night of a full moon. The driver at fault claims he was... Problem 29E: The secret recipe to the ever-popular veggie burgers in the college cafeteria is hidden in a drawer... Problem 30E: Your great-great-grandfather, who often exaggerated events in his own life, once told your relatives... Problem 31E: One year in the future, when money is no object, you enjoy your birthday so much that you want to... Problem 32E: Suppose you lived in the crater Copernicus on the side of the Moon facing Earth. A. How often would... Problem 33E: In a lunar eclipse, does the Moon enter the shadow of Earth from the east or west side? Explain. Problem 34E: Describe what an observer at the crater Copernicus would see while the Moon is eclipsed on Earth.... Problem 35E: The day on Mars is 1.026 Earth-days long. The martian year lasts 686.98 Earth-days. The two moons of... Problem 36E: What is the right ascension and declination of the vernal equinox? Problem 37E: What is the right ascension and declination of the autumnal equinox? Problem 38E: What is the right ascension and declination of the Sun at noon on the summer solstice in the... Problem 39E: During summer in the Northern Hemisphere, the North Pole is illuminated by the Sun 24 hours per day.... Problem 40E: On the day of the vernal equinox, the day length for all places on Earth is actually slightly longer... Problem 41E: Regions north of the Arctic Circle are known as the “land of the midnight Sun.” Explain what this... Problem 42E: In a part of Earth’s orbit where Earth is moving faster than usual around the Sun, would the length... Problem 43E: In a part of Earth’s orbit where Earth is moving faster than usual around the Sun, would the length... Problem 44E: If Sirius rises at 8:00 p.m. tonight, at what time will it rise tomorrow night, to the nearest... Problem 45E: What are three lines of evidence you could use to indicate that the phases of the Moon are not... Problem 46E: If the Moon rises at a given location at 6:00 p.m. today, about what time will it rise tomorrow... Problem 47E: Explain why some solar eclipses are total and some are annular. Problem 48E: Why do lunar eclipses typically last much longer than solar eclipses? Problem 49E: Suppose Earth took exactly 300.0 days to go around the Sun, and everything else (the day, the month)... Problem 50E: Consider a calendar based entirely on the day and the month (the Moon’s period from full phase to... Problem 51E: If a star rises at 8:30 p.m. tonight, approximately what time will it rise two months from now? Problem 52E: What is the altitude of the Sun at noon on December 22, as seen from a place on the Tropic of... Problem 53E: Show that the Gregorian calendar will be in error by 1 day in about 3300 years. Problem 43E: In a part of Earth’s orbit where Earth is moving faster than usual around the Sun, would the length...
Related questions
Concept explainers
A weight is tied to a rope that is wrapped around a pulley. The pulley is initially rotating counterclockwise and is pulling the weight up. The tension in the rope creates a torque on the pulley that opposes this rotation.
a) On the axes below, draw a graph of the angular velocity versus time for the period from the initial instant shown until the weight comes back down to the same height. Take the initial angular velocity as positive.
b) Draw a graph of the angular acceleration versus time for the same time period.
Transcribed Image Text: Axis of -
rotation
Time
Time
Definition Definition Rate of change of angular velocity. Angular acceleration indicates how fast the angular velocity changes over time. It is a vector quantity and has both magnitude and direction. Magnitude is represented by the length of the vector and direction is represented by the right-hand thumb rule. An angular acceleration vector will be always perpendicular to the plane of rotation. Angular acceleration is generally denoted by the Greek letter α and its SI unit is rad/s 2 .
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