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average duration of about 10 years. Results indicated that women receiving aspirin and those receiving placebo did not differ for rates of a first major cardiovascular event, death from cardiovascular causes, or fatal or nonfatal heart attacks. However, women receiving aspirin had lower rates of stroke than those receiving placebo (data from N.Engl. J. Med., vol. 352, 2005, pp. 1293-1304).

average duration of about 10 years. Results indicated that women receiving aspirin and those receiving placebo did not differ for rates of a first major cardiovascular event, death from cardiovascular causes, or fatal or nonfatal heart attacks. However, women receiving aspirin had lower rates of stroke than those receiving placebo (data from N.Engl. J. Med., vol. 352, 2005, pp. 1293-1304).

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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### Study on Aspirin and Cardiovascular Events in Women #### Clinical Variables Over an average duration of about 10 years, results from a study indicated that women receiving aspirin and those receiving a placebo did not differ in rates of major cardiovascular events, deaths from cardiovascular causes, or fatal/nonfatal heart attacks. However, women receiving aspirin had lower rates of stroke compared to those receiving a placebo. (Data from *N. Engl. J. Med.*, vol. 352, 2005, pp. 1293–1304). #### Women's Aspirin Study Data The study data on cardiovascular events are summarized in the table below: | Group | Mini-Stroke | Stroke | No Strokes | |---------|-------------|--------|------------| | Placebo | 240 | 259 | 19443 | | Aspirin | 185 | 219 | 19530 | #### Analytical Task Instructions 1. **Use software to test independence. Show:** - (i) Assumptions - (ii) Hypotheses - (iii) Test statistic - (iv) P-value - (v) Conclusion in the context of this study. 2. **Describe the association by finding and interpreting the relative risk for the stroke category.** This educational page aims to help students and researchers understand the impact of aspirin on the prevention of strokes and other cardiovascular events, as well as how to conduct and interpret statistical tests to derive meaningful conclusions from medical data.
Transcribed Image Text:### Study on Aspirin and Cardiovascular Events in Women #### Clinical Variables Over an average duration of about 10 years, results from a study indicated that women receiving aspirin and those receiving a placebo did not differ in rates of major cardiovascular events, deaths from cardiovascular causes, or fatal/nonfatal heart attacks. However, women receiving aspirin had lower rates of stroke compared to those receiving a placebo. (Data from *N. Engl. J. Med.*, vol. 352, 2005, pp. 1293–1304). #### Women's Aspirin Study Data The study data on cardiovascular events are summarized in the table below: | Group | Mini-Stroke | Stroke | No Strokes | |---------|-------------|--------|------------| | Placebo | 240 | 259 | 19443 | | Aspirin | 185 | 219 | 19530 | #### Analytical Task Instructions 1. **Use software to test independence. Show:** - (i) Assumptions - (ii) Hypotheses - (iii) Test statistic - (iv) P-value - (v) Conclusion in the context of this study. 2. **Describe the association by finding and interpreting the relative risk for the stroke category.** This educational page aims to help students and researchers understand the impact of aspirin on the prevention of strokes and other cardiovascular events, as well as how to conduct and interpret statistical tests to derive meaningful conclusions from medical data.
Sure, here is a transcription suitable for an educational website: --- ### Assignment - STA 271 **b. Consider just the 2x2 table of Group (Placebo/Aspirin) by CV Event (Stroke/No Strokes).** 1. **Describe the strength of association using the difference in proportions.** 2. **Describe the strength of association using the relative risk.** 3. **Describe the strength of association using the odds ratio.** --- In this section, students are expected to understand and articulate the strength of association between two categorical variables: the treatment group (Placebo vs. Aspirin) and the occurrence of cardiovascular (CV) events (Stroke vs. No Stroke). The strengths of these associations are to be described using three different statistical measures: 1. **Difference in Proportions:** This measures the absolute difference in the probability of events occurring between two groups. 2. **Relative Risk:** This measures the ratio of the probability of an event occurring in the treatment group to the probability of the event occurring in the control group. 3. **Odds Ratio:** This measures the odds of an event occurring in the treatment group relative to the odds of the event occurring in the control group. These metrics are essential for understanding the impact of treatments and interventions in clinical research studies. ---
Transcribed Image Text:Sure, here is a transcription suitable for an educational website: --- ### Assignment - STA 271 **b. Consider just the 2x2 table of Group (Placebo/Aspirin) by CV Event (Stroke/No Strokes).** 1. **Describe the strength of association using the difference in proportions.** 2. **Describe the strength of association using the relative risk.** 3. **Describe the strength of association using the odds ratio.** --- In this section, students are expected to understand and articulate the strength of association between two categorical variables: the treatment group (Placebo vs. Aspirin) and the occurrence of cardiovascular (CV) events (Stroke vs. No Stroke). The strengths of these associations are to be described using three different statistical measures: 1. **Difference in Proportions:** This measures the absolute difference in the probability of events occurring between two groups. 2. **Relative Risk:** This measures the ratio of the probability of an event occurring in the treatment group to the probability of the event occurring in the control group. 3. **Odds Ratio:** This measures the odds of an event occurring in the treatment group relative to the odds of the event occurring in the control group. These metrics are essential for understanding the impact of treatments and interventions in clinical research studies. ---
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