aturn is 1.4*10 ^12 m from the sun. How long does it take light from the sun to reach Saturn? Express your answer in minutes using 1 min = 60 sec.

Since 1995, hundreds of extrasolar planets have been discovered. There is the exciting possibility that there is life on one or more of these planets. To support life similar to that on the Earth, the planet must have liquid water. For an Earth-like planet orbiting a star like the Sun, this requirement means that the planet must be within a habitable zone of 0.9 AU to 1.4 AU from the star. The semimajor axis of an extrasolar planet is inferred from its period. What range in periods corresponds to the habitable zone for an Earth-like Planet orbiting a Sun-like star?

Imagine that a spacecraft has landed on Mercury and is transmitting radio signals to Earth at a wavelength of 10.000 cm. When Mercury is seen from Earth in the evening sky, at its greatest angular distance east of the Sun, it is moving toward Earth at its maximum possible relative speed of 47.9 km/s. To what wavelength must you tune your radio telescope to detect the signals? (Hint: Use the Doppler formula in Reasoning with Numbers 6-2.)

When Sedna was discovered in 2003, it was the most distant object known to orbit the Sun. Currently, it is moving toward the inner solar system. Its period is 10,500 years. Its perihelion distance is 75 AU. a. What is its semimajor axis in astronomical units? b. What is its aphelion distance?

The distance from the Sun to the nearest star is about 4 1016 m. The Milky Way galaxy (Fig. P1.56) is roughly a disk of diameter 1021 m and thickness 1019 m. Find the order of magnitude of the number of stars in the Milky Way. Assume the distance between the Sun and our nearest neighbor is typical. Figure P1.56 The Milky Way galaxy.

A possible explanation of observations is called a(n) ___. (1.2)

The nearest neutron star (a collated star made primarily of neutrons) is about 3.00 1018 m away from Earth. Given that the Milky Way galaxy (Fig. P1.81) is roughly a disk of diameter 1021 m and thickness 1019 m, estimate the number of neutron stars in the Milky Way to the nearest order of magnitude. Figure P1.81

The speed of the Earth in its orbit is 29.8 km/s. If that is the magnitude of the velocity v of the ether wind in Figure P39.3, find the angle between the velocity of light c in vacuum and the resultant velocity of light if there were an ether.

How far does light travel in 1 year? [This distance, known as a light-year (ly), is used in measuring astronomical distances (Ch. 18.1).]

The New Horizons probe that passed by Pluto during July 2015 is one of the fastest spacecraft ever assembled. It was moving at about 14 km/s when it went by Pluto. If it maintained this speed, how long would it take New Horizons to reach the nearest star, Proxima Centauri, which is about 4.3 light-years away? (Note: It isn’t headed in that direction, but you can pretend that it is.)