Atpmic Atomic Mass Atomic Percent Abundance or Hallife, Name Symbol Number, Z Number, A Mass (u) Decay Mode петоn 1.008 665 10.37 min Hydrogen "н 1.007 825 99.985% Deuterium 2H or D 2.014 102 0.015% H or T 3.016 050 12.33 y Tritium He 1.38x 10 Helium 3.016 030 Не 4.002 603 s100% Lithium Li 6.015 121 7.56 "Li 7.016 003 92.5% Berylium 7Be 7.016 928 53.29 d EC "Be 9.012 182 100% Boron 10 108 10.012 937 19.9% 11 11009 305 80.1% Carbon 11 11.011 432 EC, * 12 12c 12.000 000 98.90% 13 13.003 355 1.10% 14 140 14.003 241 5730 y 7. Nitrogen 13 13N 13.005 738 9.96 min 14 14N 14.003 074 99.63% 15 1SN 15.000 108 0.37% Onygen 150 EC. * 15 15.003 065 1225 16 15.994 915 99.76% 18 180 17.999 160 0.200% Fluorine 18 18.000 937 EC, t 1.83 h 19 18.998 403 100% 10 Nean 20 20Ne 19.992 435 90.51% 22 22NE 21.991 383 9.22% 22Na 2.602 y 11 Sodium 22 21.994 434 23 23Na 22.989 767 100% Particle kg Symbol Meve? 1.67262x10-27 1.007276 1.67493x10-271.008665 Proton 938.27 Neutron 939.57 Electron le 9.1094x 10 0.00054858 0.511
Quantum mechanics and hydrogen atom
Consider an electron of mass m moves with the velocity v in a hydrogen atom. If an electron is at a distance r from the proton, then the potential energy function of the electron can be written as follows:
Isotopes of Hydrogen Atoms
To understand isotopes, it's easiest to learn the simplest system. Hydrogen, the most basic nucleus, has received a great deal of attention. Several of the results seen in more complex nuclei can be seen in hydrogen isotopes. An isotope is a nucleus of the same atomic number (Z) but a different atomic mass number (A). The number of neutrons present in the nucleus varies with respect to the isotope.
Mass of Hydrogen Atom
Hydrogen is one of the most fundamental elements on Earth which is colorless, odorless, and a flammable chemical substance. The representation of hydrogen in the periodic table is H. It is mostly found as a diatomic molecule as water H2O on earth. It is also known to be the lightest element and takes its place on Earth up to 0.14 %. There are three isotopes of hydrogen- protium, deuterium, and tritium. There is a huge abundance of Hydrogen molecules on the earth's surface. The hydrogen isotope tritium has its half-life equal to 12.32 years, through beta decay. In physics, the study of Hydrogen is fundamental.
The purpose of this problem is to show in three ways that
the binding energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom is
negligible compared with the masses of the proton and
electron. (a) Calculate the mass equivalent in u of the 13.6-eV
binding energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom, and
compare this with the mass of the hydrogen atom obtained
from list given. (b) Subtract the mass of the proton given from the mass of the hydrogen atom given . You will find the difference is equal to the
electron’s mass to three digits, implying the binding energy is
small in comparison. (c) Take the ratio of the binding energy
of the electron (13.6 eV) to the energy equivalent of the
electron’s mass (0.511 MeV). (d) Discuss how your answers
confirm the stated purpose of this problem.
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