At time t, a particle moving in the xy-plane is at position (x(t), y(t)), where x(t) and y(t) are not explicitly dx = 4t +1 and dt dy = sin(r). At time t = 0, x(0) = 0 and y(0) = -4. dt given. For t 2 0, %3D (a) Find the speed of the particle at timet 3, and find the acceleration vector of the particle at timet = 3. (b) Find the slope of the line tangent to the path of the particle at time t = 3. (c) Find the position of the particle at time t = 3.

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
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Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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**Problem 1: Particle Motion in the xy-plane**

At time \( t \), a particle moving in the xy-plane is at position \( (x(t), y(t)) \), where \( x(t) \) and \( y(t) \) are not explicitly given. For \( t \geq 0 \), \(\frac{dx}{dt} = 4t + 1\) and \(\frac{dy}{dt} = \sin(t^2)\). At time \( t = 0 \), \( x(0) = 0 \) and \( y(0) = -4\).

**(a)** Find the speed of the particle at time \( t = 3 \).

\[ 
\sqrt{(4(3) + 1)^2 + (\sin(3^2))^2}
= \sqrt{13^2 + (\sin(9))^2} 
= \sqrt{169 + 0.31}
= \sqrt{169.31} 
= 13.0065 
\]

**(b)** Find the slope of the line tangent to the path of the particle at time \( t = 3 \).

\[
\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{\sin(t^2)}{4t + 1} \quad \text{at } t = 3
= \frac{\sin(9)}{13} 
\approx 0.03170
\]

**(c)** Find the position of the particle at time \( t = 3 \).

- \( x(3) = x(0) + \int_0^3 (4t+1) \, dt \)
- \( y(3) = y(0) + \int_0^3 \sin(t^2) \, dt \)

Calculations indicate:

\( x(3) = 21 \)

\( y(3) \approx -5.4067 \)

**(d)** Find the total distance traveled by the particle over the time interval \( 0 \leq t \leq 3 \).

The distance requires integrating the speed:

\[
\int_0^3 \sqrt{(4t + 1)^2 + (\sin(t^2))^2} \, dt
\]

Given calculations or numerical integration would be necessary for a precise value.
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem 1: Particle Motion in the xy-plane** At time \( t \), a particle moving in the xy-plane is at position \( (x(t), y(t)) \), where \( x(t) \) and \( y(t) \) are not explicitly given. For \( t \geq 0 \), \(\frac{dx}{dt} = 4t + 1\) and \(\frac{dy}{dt} = \sin(t^2)\). At time \( t = 0 \), \( x(0) = 0 \) and \( y(0) = -4\). **(a)** Find the speed of the particle at time \( t = 3 \). \[ \sqrt{(4(3) + 1)^2 + (\sin(3^2))^2} = \sqrt{13^2 + (\sin(9))^2} = \sqrt{169 + 0.31} = \sqrt{169.31} = 13.0065 \] **(b)** Find the slope of the line tangent to the path of the particle at time \( t = 3 \). \[ \frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{\sin(t^2)}{4t + 1} \quad \text{at } t = 3 = \frac{\sin(9)}{13} \approx 0.03170 \] **(c)** Find the position of the particle at time \( t = 3 \). - \( x(3) = x(0) + \int_0^3 (4t+1) \, dt \) - \( y(3) = y(0) + \int_0^3 \sin(t^2) \, dt \) Calculations indicate: \( x(3) = 21 \) \( y(3) \approx -5.4067 \) **(d)** Find the total distance traveled by the particle over the time interval \( 0 \leq t \leq 3 \). The distance requires integrating the speed: \[ \int_0^3 \sqrt{(4t + 1)^2 + (\sin(t^2))^2} \, dt \] Given calculations or numerical integration would be necessary for a precise value.
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