At the start of overtime in a National Football League game, a coin is flipped to determine which team will kick-off and which will receive. The question of interest is how much advantage (if any) is given to the team that wins the coin flip at the start of the sudden death overtime period. In the overtime games played between 1974 and 2009, the winner of the coin flip won the game in 240 of the 428 games in which a winner was determined in overtime. Assume that the overtime games played during this time period can be viewed as a sample of all possible NFL overtime games. Do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that the team winning the coin flip has an advantage in overtime games? Show all details of the test.
Contingency Table
A contingency table can be defined as the visual representation of the relationship between two or more categorical variables that can be evaluated and registered. It is a categorical version of the scatterplot, which is used to investigate the linear relationship between two variables. A contingency table is indeed a type of frequency distribution table that displays two variables at the same time.
Binomial Distribution
Binomial is an algebraic expression of the sum or the difference of two terms. Before knowing about binomial distribution, we must know about the binomial theorem.
Test for a Single Proportion
Example 4: NFL Overtime
At the start of overtime in a National Football League game, a coin is flipped to determine which team will kick-off and which will receive. The question of interest is how much advantage (if any) is given to the team that wins the coin flip at the start of the sudden death overtime period. In the overtime games played between 1974 and 2009, the winner of the coin flip won the game in 240 of the 428 games in which a winner was determined in overtime. Assume that the overtime games played during this time period can be viewed as a sample of all possible NFL overtime games. Do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that the team winning the coin flip has an advantage in overtime games? Show all details of the test.
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