Assume you are constructing a machine to automatically count copper pennies as they travel down a chute, and you are going to use an inductive proximity sensor has a specified range of 6 mm. In order to detect copper which has a derating factor of 0.3, what is its range of this sensor you would need for this job? (b) Let's say you found a senor in stock that has a sensing range of 15 mm. If you use this to sense the copper pennies, what is the distance that you would need to mount it near the chute so that the pennies will pass within that distance between the face of the sensor.

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Quantization and Resolution

Quantization is a methodology of carrying out signal modulation by the process of mapping input values from an infinitely long set of continuous values to a smaller set of finite values. Quantization forms the basic algorithm for lossy compression algorithms and represents a given analog signal into digital signals. In other words, these algorithms form the base of an analog-to-digital converter. Devices that process the algorithm of quantization are known as a quantizer. These devices aid in rounding off (approximation) the errors of an input function called the quantized value.

Probability of Error

This topic is widely taught in many undergraduate and postgraduate degree courses of: