Assume that the economy enters a recession due to a permanent negative shock to total factor productivity. (a) Explain with the aid of diagrams, the effect of the shock on output, the real interest rate, consumption, investment, employment, the real wage and average labour productivity. (b) How would the central bank respond if it believed that the real business cycle theory is correct? (c) How would the central bank respond if it believed that the New Keynesian sticky

Assume that the economy enters a recession due to a permanent negative shock to total factor productivity. (a) Explain with the aid of diagrams, the effect of the shock on output, the real interest rate, consumption, investment, employment, the real wage and average labour productivity. (b) How would the central bank respond if it believed that the real business cycle theory is correct? (c) How would the central bank respond if it believed that the New Keynesian sticky

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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We have discussed two models that describe the relationship between inflation and economicgrowth. Which of the following is a property of the New Keynesian Model but NOT the RealBusiness Cycle (RBC) Model?a.Monetary policy has no effect on long run economic growth b.Recessions can be caused by a fall in aggregate demand. c.Prices are fully flexible in both the short and long run. d.All the above are properties of the RBC model. e.None of the above are properties of the New Keynesian model.
Use the IS-LM model to describe the short-run effects of an increase in the money supply on the equlibrium output and real interest rate. Assuming the economy is in a long-run equilibrium before the shock, also explain how the price level changes over time, and what happens to the economy in the long-run. Use the AS-AD framework for this part of the question. Add diagrams to illustrate the answer - you can use the attachment feature of the answer editor to upload your chart.
Q17. Summarize the Keynesian model: A. The Keynesian model emphasizes aggregate supply by focusing on the underlying determinants of output and employment in markets, and thus tends to put more emphasis on economic growth and how labor markets work. B. The short-term Keynesian model is built on the importance of aggregate demand as a cause of business cycles and a degree of wage and price rigidity, and thus does a sound job of explaining many recessions and why cyclical unemployment rises and falls. C. The short-term Keynesian model is built on the importance of aggregate supply as a cause of business cycles and a degree of wage and price rigidity, but does a poor job of explaining many recessions and why cyclical unemployment rises and falls.
The economy is hit by the Covid-19 pandemic and affects the short-run aggregate supply. Critically discuss the short-run and long-run effects on output and the price level using the AD-AS diagram: (a) The central bank responded by printing more money.
How do Classical economists and Keynesian economists differ in their perceptions of how well markets and prices function? List and briefly explain the nature and functions of three market arenas. Which are the four components of the macroeconomy? Explain the interaction between these components through a circular flow diagram. Draw a graph of a business cycle. Label and explain each phase of the business cycle. Define the following concepts: Sticky Prices Expansion and contraction Inflation, Deflation and Hyperinflation Fiscal Policy and Monetary Policy
12.In the RBC model, assume you observe an initial economic growth rate of 10%, and an initialinflation rate of 2%. Further assume that the equilibrium unemployment rate in the economy is 2.3%.Following a permanent, positive aggregate demand shock, which of the following are potential long-rununemployment rates in this economy? a.12% b.6% c.8.3% d.2.3% e.all of the above
An economy has: R = 10 +.ly, C= 14 + 9YD, G= 25, I = 75 -r, NX = 30 -.06y - .5p, MD = 25y-r, MS = 15 and ASo = 2p. A negative AS shock occurs: AS, = 2p – 60. a. Provide a diagram showing AS/AD to illustrate how real GDP and the price level are affected by this AS shock. A government can offset this AS shock by increasing the money supply OR increasing government spending. They won't do both. Calculate level of money supply MS= b. and the level of government spending G = that would be necessary to offset this AS shock.
Consider a modified aggregate supply function which takes account for the emergence of random business cycle shocks (ce) with Ele] - O in the sense that The loss function is the same as in exercise 1: L- (n - k)* +(m) Notation: €: random shock; E[e,]: expected value of e; b: constant parameter, all other variables see Exercise 1. Having considered the scenario above complete the following tasks: a) Derive the central bank's preferred inflation rate and explain. b) The result in a) reads as T = b(k – j) – %3D Explain the economic intuition of this result. c) Consider a more conservative central banker whose loss function is represented by L = }(y – k)? + }(7.) k) + (m) Apparently, the preferred inflation rate would read eb 1+b TE = 6(k – y) – What can you say about the relationship between B and b? le i larger or smaller than b? Provide an explanation.
Assume that a country's economy is in equilibrium. a) () Using a correctly labeled AD/AS graph, show how an increase in the price of gasoline, an important input of production, will affect the following in the short run. (i) Real output :- (ii) Price level-Using a correctly labeled graph, show the same effect on the Phillips curve. () Central bank of the country responds to the higher price of oil by increasing the money supply. (i ) ()Explain the process by which the increase in the money supply will affect the aggregate demand in the short run. (ii) (Indicate on the AD/AS graph, how the increase in the money supply will affect real output and the price level. d) () Now assume that instead of using monetary policy in response to the gasoline price increase, the government reduces business taxes, which results in lower production costs. Using a new correctly labeled graph, show the effect of the reduction in business taxes on the following. (i) () Real output - (ii) () Price levele) (…
Money Surprise Model (25%) Suppose in the Friedman-Lucas money surprise model, there is a negative TFP shock. Neither private sector agents nor the central bank can observe this shock directly. The central bank is committed to interest rate targeting. a- Using labour market diagram, draw the impact of this shock on the labour demand holding the interest rate constant. Provide an explanation. b- Argue that what happened in part (a) will affect the goods market. c- What action the central bank will take? How will this intervention affect the labour supply and goods market? You do not need to draw any diagrams d- Draw diagrams (labour market, goods market, and money market) to illustrate the final stage of the economy after the shock.
Assume the labour market is in equilibrium initially. How would each of the following shock affect the equilibrium real wage? Explain briefly in both words and graphs. a. An increase in expected future real wage. b. A large number of immigrants enter the country.
real business cycle theory suggest that _______ not important in explaining short-term fluctuations around actual output a. aggregate supply is b. potential output is c. real variables are d. aggregate demand is