Assume that candle wax is traded in a perfectly competitive market in which the demand curve captures buyers’ full willingness to pay while the supply curve reflects all production costs. For each of the following situations, indicate whether the total output should be increased, decreased, or kept the same in order to achieve allocative and productive efficiency. a. Maximum willingness to pay exceeds minimum acceptable price. b. MC > MB. c. Total surplus is at a maximum. d. The current quantity produced exceeds the market equilibrium quantity.

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Imperfect Competition

Imperfect competition is relatively easier to understand once people have the knowledge of perfect competition. When the five conditions of perfect competition are not made, that market structure is said to be imperfect competition.