Assume a Centaur V upper stage with an empty mass of 2,247 kg, diameter of 3.05 meters and height of 12.68m, the wall thickness is 41mm, whereas the motor can be assumed to fill up 1/4 of the inner volume. You can assume the density of the walls and the motor to be uniform. You can assume the upper stage has been properly passivated and has no fuel remaining.

Q: isnt the mass Mg? so 10^6?

A: Mass is in Mg ( mega gram ).

Q: nk y

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Conduction and Convection

When energy travels from one object to another it is said to have undergone heat transfer. Heat transfer is nothing but the transfer of thermal energy or internal energy from one thing to another, like e.g., when a vessel with water, kept on top of a burner, heats up because of the flame underneath it.