Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Assigning 13C-NMR Peaks to Carbons in a Benzamide Compound**
**Objective:**
In this exercise, students are asked to assign carbon atoms labeled a to f in a benzamide compound to their respective peaks in a given ^13C-NMR spectrum.
**Introduction to 13C-NMR Spectroscopy:**
^13C-NMR (Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) is a type of NMR spectroscopy that provides information about the carbon atoms in an organic molecule. Each unique carbon environment in the molecule appears as a distinct peak in the spectrum. The chemical shift, expressed in parts per million (ppm), can often be correlated with the type of carbon environment.
**Compound Structure:**
The structure provided is a benzamide (aniline with an acyl group), with specific carbons labeled a through f:
- `a, b, c, d, e` belong to the benzene ring.
- `f` is the carbonyl carbon of the amide group.
**13C-NMR Spectrum Analysis:**
The provided ^13C-NMR spectrum is a graphical representation showing chemical shifts (in ppm) on the x-axis and peak intensity on the y-axis. There are several peaks that need to be matched with the labeled carbons in the benzamide structure.
**Detailed Graph Analysis:**
- **Peak at around 190-200 ppm**: This region is typical for carbonyl carbons in amides, aldehydes, and ketones. Therefore, this peak corresponds to the carbon labeled `f` (the carbonyl carbon of the amide group).
- **Peaks between 110-160 ppm**: This region is characteristic of sp2 hybridized carbons, such as those found in aromatic rings. Peaks in this range will correspond to carbons labeled `a`, `b`, `c`, `d`, and `e`.
- **Carbon Peak Identifications**:
- **C`a`**: Generally, this carbon farthest from the carbonyl carbon tends to give a signal around 110-140 ppm.
- **C`b` and C`d`**: These carbons are ortho to the carbonyl group; their chemical shifts can be slightly different but often close.
- **C`c`**: This carbon, meta to the carbonyl group, will show a shift around 130-150 ppm.
- **C`e
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