As you know, a common example of a harmonic oscillator is a mass attached to a spring. In this problem, we will consider a horizontally moving block attached to a spring. Note that, since the gravitational potential energy is not changing in this case, it can be excluded from the calculations. For such a system, the potential energy is stored in the spring and is given by U = ½kx², where k is the force constant of the spring and x is the distance from the equilibrium position. The kinetic energy of the system is, as always, K = 1/2mv², where m is the mass of the block and v is the speed of the block. We will also assume that there are no resistive forces; that is, E = constant. Consider a harmonic oscillator at four different moments, labeled A, B, C, and D, as shown in the figure (Figure 1). Assume that the force constant k, the mass of the block, m, and the amplitude of vibrations, A, are given. Answer the following questions.
Simple harmonic motion
Simple harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion in which an object undergoes oscillatory motion. The restoring force exerted by the object exhibiting SHM is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position. The force is directed towards the mean position. We see many examples of SHM around us, common ones are the motion of a pendulum, spring and vibration of strings in musical instruments, and so on.
Simple Pendulum
A simple pendulum comprises a heavy mass (called bob) attached to one end of the weightless and flexible string.
Oscillation
In Physics, oscillation means a repetitive motion that happens in a variation with respect to time. There is usually a central value, where the object would be at rest. Additionally, there are two or more positions between which the repetitive motion takes place. In mathematics, oscillations can also be described as vibrations. The most common examples of oscillation that is seen in daily lives include the alternating current (AC) or the motion of a moving pendulum.
find the kinetic energy K of the block at the moment labeled B
express answer in terms of k and A
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