As shown in the figure below, you have a system including a Polyethylene cup with mass Mcup = 0.447 kg. The cup contains water with mass Mwater = 0.259 kg. Both the cup and water are initially at a temperature of 29.3 degrees Celsius. You drop ice into the system. The ice has an initial temperature of -20.1 degrees Celsius and a mass of Mice = 1.0551 kg. The system will reach equilibrium with only some of the ice having melted and settle at the final temperature of T = 0 degrees Celsius. ice Beryllium Cadmium Iron Lead ice water cup ice Find the mass of ice that melted, Mmelt = Material c (J/(kg K)) Aluminum 897 1820 231 412 129 Polyethylene 2303 Steel 466 Uranium 116 ● Some of the ice melts The system reaches equilibrium at T=0° C Water c (J/(kg K)) ice 2090 water 4186 steam 2010 kg Water L (J/kg) 334000 Fusion Vaporization 2230000
Latent heat and phase change
A physical process in which a conversion among the basic states or phases of matter, i.e., solid, liquid, and gas takes place under the effect of a certain temperature and pressure is referred to as a phase change. Generally, the phase change of a substance occurs when heat transfer takes place between the substance and its surroundings. Based on the direction in which heat transfer takes place, different types of phase changes can occur.
Triple Point of Water
The branch of physics in which observer deals with temperature related properties is called thermodynamics.
Boiling Point of Water
Everyday examples of boiling is, boiling milk, heating water. One would have observed that when we heat water it goes through various stages and at one point bubbles show in water, and water keeps splashing with bubbles bursting, we in layman terms say that water is boiling.
Freezing Point of Water
In general, the freezing point of water is 0° Celsius, or 32° Fahrenheit. This is the temperature at which water will ordinarily change from its liquid state to its solid state (ice). However, there are certain conditions that can affect the freezing point of water. For example, a liquid may be supercooled or contain impurities so that it does not freeze at the ordinary freezing point.
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