As measured by the crew, a spaceship takes 5.6 years to fly from Earth to a distant star. If the ship traveled at 0.97c, which of the following is the distance between Earth and the star as measured by observers on Earth? A. 20.9 light-years B. 24.6 light-years C. 29.2 light-years D. 22.3 light-years

As measured by the crew, a spaceship takes 5.6 years to fly from Earth to a distant star. If the ship traveled at 0.97c, which of the following is the distance between Earth and the star as measured by observers on Earth? A. 20.9 light-years B. 24.6 light-years C. 29.2 light-years D. 22.3 light-years

College Physics

10th Edition

ISBN:9781285737027

Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Chapter26: Relativity

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3P: If astronauts could travel at v = 0.950c, we on Earth would say it takes (4.20/0.950) = 4.42 years...

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If astronauts could travel at v = 0.950c, we on Earth would say it takes (4.20/0.950) = 4.42 years to reach Alpha Centauri, 4.20 light-years away. The astronauts disagree. (a) How much time passes on the astronauts clocks? (b) What is the distance to Alpha Centauri as measured by the astronauts?
An astronaut is traveling in a space vehicle moving at 0.500c relative to the Earth. The astronaut measures her pulse rate at 75.0 beats per minute. Signals generated by the astronauts pulse are radioed to the Earth when the vehicle is moving in a direction perpendicular to the line that connects the vehicle with an observer on the Earth. (a) What pulse rate does the Earth-based observer measure? (b) What If? What would be the pulse rate if the speed of the space vehicle were increased to 0.990c?
A pulsar is a stellar object that emits light in short bursts. Suppose a pulsar with a speed of 0.950c approaches Earth, and a rocket with a speed of 0.995c heads toward the pulsar. (Both speeds are measured in Earth's frame of reference.) If the pulsar emits 10.0 pulses per second in its own frame of reference, at what rate are the pulses emitted in the rockets frame of reference?
Imagine an astronaut on a trip to Sirius, which lies 8 light-years from Earth. Upon arrival at Sirius, the astronaut finds that the trip lasted 6 years. If the trip was made at a constant speed of 0.8c, how can the 8-light-year distance be reconciled with the 6-year duration?
Suppose youre an astronaut being paid according to the time you spend traveling in space. You take a long voyage traveling at a speed near that of light. Upon your return to Earth, youre asked how youd like to be paid: according to the time elapsed on a clock on Earth or according to your ships clock. To maximize your paycheck, which should you choose? (a) The Earth clock (b) The ship's clock (c) Either clock because it doesnt make a difference
Near the center of our galaxy, hydrogen gas is moving directly away from us in its orbit about a black hole. We receive 19(N) nm electromagnetic radiation and know that it was 1875 nm when emitted by the hydrogen gas. What is the speed of the gas?
Choose the option from each pair that makes the following statement correct. According to an observer at rest, moving clocks run more [(a) slowly; (b) quickly] than stationary clocks and moving rods are [ (c) longer; (d) shorter] than stationary rods.
(a) All but the closest galaxies are receding from our own Milky Way Galaxy. If a galaxy 12.0109ly ly away is receding from us at 0. 0.900c, at what velocity relative to us must we send an exploratory probe to approach the other galaxy at 0.990c, as measured from that galaxy? (b) How long will it take the probe to reach the other galaxy as measured from the Earth? You may assume that the velocity of the other galaxy remains constant. (c) How long will it then take for a radio signal to be beamed back? (All of this is possible in principle, but not practical.)
Suppose a spaceship heading straight toward the at 0.750c can shoot a canister at 0.500c relative to the ship. (a) What is the velocity of the canister relative to Earth, if it is shot directly at Earth? (b) If it is shot directly away from Earth?
The distance of a galaxy from our solar system is 10 Mpc. (a) What is the recessional velocity of the galaxy? (b) By what fraction is the starlight from this galaxy red shifted (that is, what is its z value)?
The identical twins Speedo and Goslo join a migration from Earth to Planet X, which is 20.0 light-years away in a reference frame in which both planets are at rest. The twins, of the same age, depart at the same time on different spacecraft. Speedos craft travels steadily at 0.950c, Goslos at 0.750c. Calculate the age difference between the twins after Goslos spacecraft lands on Planet X. Which twin is the older?
A space probe speeding towards the nearest star moves at 0.250c and sends radio information at a broadcast frequency of 1.00 GHz. What frequency is received on the Earth?