Are phone calls equally likely to occur any day of the week? The day of the week for each of 525 randomly selected phone calls was observed. The results are displayed in the table below. Use an a = 0.05 significance level.

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**Title: Analyzing the Distribution of Phone Calls Across a Week**

**Introduction:**
Are phone calls equally likely to occur on any day of the week? To answer this question, 525 randomly selected phone calls were observed over a week. The results of these observations are displayed in the table below. Use a significance level of α = 0.05 to complete your analysis.

**Instructions:**
1. Complete the rest of the table by filling in the expected frequencies for each day of the week.

**Data Table:**

_Frequencies of Phone Calls for Each Day of the Week_

| Outcome  | Frequency | Expected Frequency |
|----------|-----------|--------------------|
| Sunday   | 61        |                    |
| Monday   | 70        |                    |
| Tuesday  | 67        |                    |
| Wednesday| 90        |                    |
| Thursday | 75        |                    |
| Friday   | 86        |                    |
| Saturday | 76        |                    |

**Instructions Continued:**

2. Use a statistical method to determine if the phone calls are equally distributed across each day of the week. Typically, you might use the chi-square test for goodness-of-fit for this type of analysis. 

**Calculator:**
A calculator may be provided for performing the necessary calculations.

**Scratchwork Area:**
Utilize this area for any manual calculations or notes needed to complete the table and perform the statistical test.

**Additional Note:**
To find the expected frequency, use the formula:
\[ \text{Expected Frequency} = \frac{\text{Total Number of Phone Calls}}{\text{Number of Days}} \]

Given the total number of phone calls is 525 and there are 7 days in a week, each expected frequency would be:
\[ \text{Expected Frequency} = \frac{525}{7} = 75 \]

Therefore, the expected frequency for each day of the week should be 75.

**Completed Data Table:**

_Frequencies of Phone Calls for Each Day of the Week_

| Outcome  | Frequency | Expected Frequency |
|----------|-----------|--------------------|
| Sunday   | 61        | 75                 |
| Monday   | 70        | 75                 |
| Tuesday  | 67        | 75                 |
| Wednesday| 90        | 75                 |
| Thursday | 75        | 75                 |
| Friday   | 86        |
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Analyzing the Distribution of Phone Calls Across a Week** **Introduction:** Are phone calls equally likely to occur on any day of the week? To answer this question, 525 randomly selected phone calls were observed over a week. The results of these observations are displayed in the table below. Use a significance level of α = 0.05 to complete your analysis. **Instructions:** 1. Complete the rest of the table by filling in the expected frequencies for each day of the week. **Data Table:** _Frequencies of Phone Calls for Each Day of the Week_ | Outcome | Frequency | Expected Frequency | |----------|-----------|--------------------| | Sunday | 61 | | | Monday | 70 | | | Tuesday | 67 | | | Wednesday| 90 | | | Thursday | 75 | | | Friday | 86 | | | Saturday | 76 | | **Instructions Continued:** 2. Use a statistical method to determine if the phone calls are equally distributed across each day of the week. Typically, you might use the chi-square test for goodness-of-fit for this type of analysis. **Calculator:** A calculator may be provided for performing the necessary calculations. **Scratchwork Area:** Utilize this area for any manual calculations or notes needed to complete the table and perform the statistical test. **Additional Note:** To find the expected frequency, use the formula: \[ \text{Expected Frequency} = \frac{\text{Total Number of Phone Calls}}{\text{Number of Days}} \] Given the total number of phone calls is 525 and there are 7 days in a week, each expected frequency would be: \[ \text{Expected Frequency} = \frac{525}{7} = 75 \] Therefore, the expected frequency for each day of the week should be 75. **Completed Data Table:** _Frequencies of Phone Calls for Each Day of the Week_ | Outcome | Frequency | Expected Frequency | |----------|-----------|--------------------| | Sunday | 61 | 75 | | Monday | 70 | 75 | | Tuesday | 67 | 75 | | Wednesday| 90 | 75 | | Thursday | 75 | 75 | | Friday | 86 |
## Hypothesis Testing for Distribution of Phone Calls Over Days of the Week

To determine whether the distribution of phone calls is uniform over the days of the week, we need to set up and test several hypotheses.

### Null Hypothesis (\(H_0\)):

Select one of the following:
- [ ] The distribution of phone calls is uniform over the days of the week.
- [ ] The distribution of phone calls is not uniform over the days of the week.
- [ ] Phone calls and days of the week are independent.
- [ ] Phone calls and days of the week are dependent.

### Alternative Hypothesis (\(H_1\)):

Select one of the following:
- [ ] The distribution of phone calls is not uniform over the days of the week.
- [ ] Phone calls and days of the week are independent.
- [ ] Phone calls and days of the week are dependent.
- [ ] The distribution of phone calls is uniform over the days of the week.

### Degrees of Freedom

d. The degrees of freedom = [___]

### Test Statistic

e. The test statistic for this data = [___] (Please show your answer to three decimal places.)

### P-Value

f. The p-value for this sample = [___] (Please show your answer to four decimal places.)

### Decision Rule

g. The p-value is [Select an answer] α

### Conclusion

h. Based on this, we should [Select an answer]

i. Thus, the final conclusion is...

- [ ] There is insufficient evidence to conclude that phone calls and days of the week are dependent.
- [ ] There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the distribution of phone calls is uniform over the days of the week.
- [ ] There is sufficient evidence to conclude that phone calls and days of the week are dependent.
- [ ] There is insufficient evidence to conclude that the distribution of phone calls is uniform over the days of the week.

These hypotheses and tests allow us to understand whether phone calls are uniformly distributed over the days of the week or if there is a specific pattern to their occurrence.
Transcribed Image Text:## Hypothesis Testing for Distribution of Phone Calls Over Days of the Week To determine whether the distribution of phone calls is uniform over the days of the week, we need to set up and test several hypotheses. ### Null Hypothesis (\(H_0\)): Select one of the following: - [ ] The distribution of phone calls is uniform over the days of the week. - [ ] The distribution of phone calls is not uniform over the days of the week. - [ ] Phone calls and days of the week are independent. - [ ] Phone calls and days of the week are dependent. ### Alternative Hypothesis (\(H_1\)): Select one of the following: - [ ] The distribution of phone calls is not uniform over the days of the week. - [ ] Phone calls and days of the week are independent. - [ ] Phone calls and days of the week are dependent. - [ ] The distribution of phone calls is uniform over the days of the week. ### Degrees of Freedom d. The degrees of freedom = [___] ### Test Statistic e. The test statistic for this data = [___] (Please show your answer to three decimal places.) ### P-Value f. The p-value for this sample = [___] (Please show your answer to four decimal places.) ### Decision Rule g. The p-value is [Select an answer] α ### Conclusion h. Based on this, we should [Select an answer] i. Thus, the final conclusion is... - [ ] There is insufficient evidence to conclude that phone calls and days of the week are dependent. - [ ] There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the distribution of phone calls is uniform over the days of the week. - [ ] There is sufficient evidence to conclude that phone calls and days of the week are dependent. - [ ] There is insufficient evidence to conclude that the distribution of phone calls is uniform over the days of the week. These hypotheses and tests allow us to understand whether phone calls are uniformly distributed over the days of the week or if there is a specific pattern to their occurrence.
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