Proteins
We generally tend to think of proteins only from a dietary lens, as a component of what we eat. However, they are among the most important and abundant organic macromolecules in the human body, with diverse structures and functions. Every cell contains thousands and thousands of proteins, each with specific functions. Some help in the formation of cellular membrane or walls, some help the cell to move, others act as messages or signals and flow seamlessly from one cell to another, carrying information.
Protein Expression
The method by which living organisms synthesize proteins and further modify and regulate them is called protein expression. Protein expression plays a significant role in several types of research and is highly utilized in molecular biology, biochemistry, and protein research laboratories.
Are enzymes quaternary proteins?
Enzyme is a catalytic molecule that increases the rate of any chemical reaction without being used up in it. It can be any protein molecule or in some cases, it can be an RNA molecule. An enzyme binds with the substrate or reactant of a reaction and releases the end products.
Proteins, in general, undergo four levels of structural folding to acquire final functional conformation. The four levels are:
Primary structure: It includes a simple chain of amino acids connected together via peptide bonds. The information for the sequence of amino acids is encoded in the DNA.
Secondary structure: The atoms of the polypeptide backbone again interact to form structures like beta-sheets or alpha-helix. This interaction is established with the help of hydrogen bonds.
Tertiary structure: At this stage, the R-groups of the amino acids interact via non-covalent bonds and forma a three-dimensional structure.
Quaternary structure: When different polypeptides interact and forms a multimeric complex, it is termed as the quaternary structure of a protein.
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