Structure and Composition of Cell Membrane
Despite differences in structure and function, all living cells in multicellular organisms are surrounded by a cell membrane. Just like the outer layer of the skin separates the body from its environment similarly, the cell membrane, also known as 'plasma membrane,' separates the inner content from its exterior environment.
Cell Membrane
The cell membrane is known by different names like plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, or biological membrane. The term "cell membrane" was first introduced by C. Nageli and C. Cramer in the year 1855. Later on, in 1931, the term "plasmalemma" for cell membrane was given by J. Plowe. The cell membrane separates the cell's internal environment from the extracellular space. This separation allows the protection of cells from their environment.
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
The cell is defined as the basic structural and functional unit of life. The cell membrane bounds it. It is capable of independent existence.
Cells are the smallest structural and functional unit of life. Cells can be of two types: prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Prokaryotic cells are cells that do not have a true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. Organisms within the domains Bacteria and Archaea have prokaryotic cells, while other forms of life are eukaryotic.
Eukaryotic cells are further divided into animal and plant cells.
Central Dogma = According to the central DNA is converted to RNA (transcription) and RNA to protein (translation). RNA to DNA is known as reverse transcription. While DNA to DNA is called replication.
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