Apple juice is being concentrated in a natural circulation single effect evaporator. At steady state conditions, dilute juice is the feed introduced at a rate of 7 kg/s. The concentration of the dilute juice is 10% total solids. The juice is concentrated to 50% total solids. Steam is available at 205 kPa and evaporation takes place at 13.5 kPa. The specific heat of dilute apple juice is 3.76 kJ/kg. The inlet feed temperature is 21oC and the condensate leaves the heating space at 79.7oC . The overall heat transfer coefficient is assumed to be 3000 W/m2K. Assume negligible boiling point elevation. Calculate: a) mass flow rate of concentrated product b) steam requirements c) steam economy

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Distillation

Distillation is a process/technique to separate more volatile components from less volatile components using the principle of relative volatility. In chemical engineering, distillation is one of the most common and important topics that is involved in almost every industry and process.