Animal Propulsion. Squids and octopuses propel themselves by expelling water. They do this by keeping water in a cavity and then suddenly contracting the cavity to force out the water through an opening. A 6.50-kg squid (including the water in the cavity) at rest suddenly sees a dangerous predator. (a) If the squid has 1.75 kg of water in its cavity, at what speed must it expel this water to suddenly achieve a speed of to 2.5 m's escape the predator? Neglect any drag effects of the surrounding water. (b) How much kinetic energy does the squid create by this maneuver?

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Momentum, Impulse and collisions
18. Animal Propulsion. Squids and octopuses propel themselves by expelling water. They do this by
keeping water in a cavity and then suddenly contracting the cavity
to force out the water through an opening. A 6.50-kg squid
(including the water in the cavity) at rest suddenly sees a dangerous
predator. (a) If the squid has 1.75 kg of water in its cavity, at what
speed must it expel this water to suddenly achieve a speed of to 2.5
m's escape the predator? Neglect any drag effects of the
surrounding water. (b) How much kinetie energy does the squid
create by this maneuver?
19. A 2.00-kg stone is sliding to the right on a frictionless horizontal surface at
5.0 m/s when it is suddenly struck by an object that exerts a large horizontal
force on it for a short period of time. The graph in Fig. shows the magnitude
of this force as a function of time. (a) What impulse does this force exert on 250
the stone? (b) Just after the force stops acting, find the magnitude and
direction of the stone's velocity if the force acts (6) to the right or (ii) to the
left.
FN)
I50 160
20. PART-I: Two gliders with different masses move toward each other on a frictionless air track
(shown Figure). After they collide glider B has a final velocity of +2.0 m's. What is the final
velocity of glider A? How do the changes in momentum, in velocity and in kinetic energy compare?
VAl = 2.0 ms vau= -20 m/s
(a) Before collision
m, = 0.50 kg m, = 0.30 kg
(b) Collisiom
2.0 m/s
(C) After collision
PART-II: If the collision completely 'inelastic"', what is the final velocity of glider A? How do the
changes in momentum, in velocity and in kinetic energy compare?
PART-II: If the collision completely 'elastic", what is the final velocity of glider A? How do the
changes in momentum, in velocity and in kinetic energy compare?
Transcribed Image Text:Momentum, Impulse and collisions 18. Animal Propulsion. Squids and octopuses propel themselves by expelling water. They do this by keeping water in a cavity and then suddenly contracting the cavity to force out the water through an opening. A 6.50-kg squid (including the water in the cavity) at rest suddenly sees a dangerous predator. (a) If the squid has 1.75 kg of water in its cavity, at what speed must it expel this water to suddenly achieve a speed of to 2.5 m's escape the predator? Neglect any drag effects of the surrounding water. (b) How much kinetie energy does the squid create by this maneuver? 19. A 2.00-kg stone is sliding to the right on a frictionless horizontal surface at 5.0 m/s when it is suddenly struck by an object that exerts a large horizontal force on it for a short period of time. The graph in Fig. shows the magnitude of this force as a function of time. (a) What impulse does this force exert on 250 the stone? (b) Just after the force stops acting, find the magnitude and direction of the stone's velocity if the force acts (6) to the right or (ii) to the left. FN) I50 160 20. PART-I: Two gliders with different masses move toward each other on a frictionless air track (shown Figure). After they collide glider B has a final velocity of +2.0 m's. What is the final velocity of glider A? How do the changes in momentum, in velocity and in kinetic energy compare? VAl = 2.0 ms vau= -20 m/s (a) Before collision m, = 0.50 kg m, = 0.30 kg (b) Collisiom 2.0 m/s (C) After collision PART-II: If the collision completely 'inelastic"', what is the final velocity of glider A? How do the changes in momentum, in velocity and in kinetic energy compare? PART-II: If the collision completely 'elastic", what is the final velocity of glider A? How do the changes in momentum, in velocity and in kinetic energy compare?
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