An X-ray machine makes a picture of a broken arm (shown above)by sending high energy photons through an object that is opaque to visible wavelengths and measures the relative intensity of the X-rays that emerge on the other side. Denser substances, such as bone, absorb more photons than less dense substances and thus show up differently. Material Absorption length 3.4 m Air Fat 0.052m Water 0.047m Bone 0.017m Consider the table of X-ray absorptions shown above. Near the center of an arm, the X-rays pass through 2.4 cm of muscle, 3.4 cm of bone, and 3 more cm of muscle. What fraction of the incident X-rays get through this part of the arm? (Hint: assume muscle has the same x-ray stopping power as fat.) Submit Answer Tries 0/99 Assume now that the same beam of X-rays pass through an adjoining portion of the arm (say, directly between the two bones seen), so the path through the arm is the same but the X-rays are only going through muscle and fat. What fraction of the incident X-rays pass through this part of the arm? Submit Answer Tries 0/99
Atomic Spectra
According to the Bohr model of an atom, the electron in an atom moves around a nucleus in fixed orbits with specific energies known as energy levels. The orbital energies are quantized. The electrons remain in these energy levels until they emit or absorb a photon of a particular wavelength, the quantum of energy. If the electron emits a photon, it then falls back to a lower energy level, and if it absorbs a photon, the electron rises to higher energy levels. The photons released or absorbed in these transitions of an electron are studied and analyzed on a screen as atomic spectra.
Ruby Lasers
Lasers are devices that emit light using atoms or molecules at a certain wavelength and amplify the light to produce a narrow beam of radiation. It works as per the principle of electromagnetic radiation. Their source of emission contains the same frequency and same phase. It was invented in the year 1960 by the great noble scientist, Theodore Maiman.
Balmer Series
The spectrum of frequency observed when electromagnetic radiation is emitted from an atom when it goes from higher energy state to lower state, is known as emission spectrum. This transition occurs when an excited electron moves from higher to lower state. It has many possible electron transitions and each transition has a specific energy difference.
Emission Spectrum
Every state of matter tries to be at minimum potential energy or it can be said that the atoms of element/ substance arrange themselves such that overall energy is minimum.
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps with 3 images
