An interior flat slab has spans 5.4m &6.6m in di'ameter. of circular Columns o.4m is supported The slab is without dop pan els & has total Thicknes 15omm. The slab is reinforced by pl2 mm a 125 mm in the positive bending moment of the cohemn Strip in The long Spem & by D12 mm a 62:5am in

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Asphalt Binders and Mixtures

Asphalt binders are subsidiary products procured during the refining process of petroleum while manufacturing gasoline, diesel, and similar petroleum products. Asphalt binders are obtained from the residue that remains after the distillation of petroleum, this residue is further subjected to steam distillation and oxidation to remove the traces of gas oil present in the residue. Certain additives or modifiers are also added to asphalt binders to alter them to suit different applications.