An artesian well is pumping water from a confined aquifer (thickness = 12 m) at a flow rate of 0.024 m3/s. The piezometric surface is 50 m above the bottom of the confining layer. In two monitoring wells (no pumping) located 15 m and 150 m away from the pumping well, steady-state drawdowns of 4 m and 1 m are observed, respectively. What is the intrinsic permeability of the aquifer (assuming the groundwater temperature is 15 ).

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Groundwater Flow

The term groundwater refers to the water which is found beneath the earth's surface. Pores present in the soil and rocks with fractures make a passage for rainwater to enter the earth's surface and deposit as groundwater. The flow nature and direction of groundwater under the earth's surface directly impacts the strength and compressibility of the soil, which reflects its ability to support structural loads.